The Positive Background of Hindu Sociology c14.s9.t7.12

c14.s9.t7.12

It is something like this religious fervour of the Calvinist William that the Maratha saints propagated. In Maratha ideology the *kaliyuga* or iron age was to a considerable extent the "*Aurāngyā pāpī*" incarnate, so to say. The orientations of the Netherlands to Philip II of Spain and Louis XIV of France were identical with those of the Marathas *vis-à-vis* this *pāpī* (sinner). It is with reference to the problems and achievements of the Dutch people that the politics of Maratha independence, *Hindwī Svarājya*, and the expansion of the Hindu states-system by Śivāji and his successors can be appreciated.