The Political Institutions and Theories of the Hindus: A Study in Comparative Politics c12.s1.t2.35

c12.s1.t2.35

*Pax Sârva-bhaumica* could not be attained until the diplomacy¹ of his finance minister had extirpated the democratic *gaṇas* of the Madras (of the Central Punjab) and the Kukuras (of the lower Indus), the Kurus and Pânchâlas (of the Upper Gangetic Valley), and the Vrijjikas, Lichchhavikas and Mallakas of the eastern provinces.² It was not exclusively by methods of "open war" that these republics were crushed. For, like the latest expert in his profession in Eur-America, Kautilya was too proud a master of the "human nature in politics" to advise the use of "blood and iron" in season and out of season. The Macedonian "wiles" which made the oracles of Greece to "philippize" and Demosthenes to wrangle with Aeschines over a lump of the enemy's gold were accordingly reproduced in the politics of the East.