Shudras in Ancient India: A Social History of the Lower Order down to circa A.D. 600 c13.599
Śūdras in Ancient India: A Social History of the Lower Order down to circa A.D. 600 c13.599
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c13.599
The śūdras could make offerings of water and other things to their pitaras, who are referred to by the epithet Sukālin in the Purāṇas¹ and are described as dark in colour.² But, unlike the members of the three higher varṇas, who are described as sons of the ṛṣis, the śūdras are not supposed to have any pravaras.³