Republics in Ancient India, c. 1500 B.C.–500 B.C. c9.s4.93

c9.s4.93

² It is not certain from the contexts of the Jaina formula whether the phrase "nine Licchavis, nine Mallakis and 18 *gaṇarājās* of Kāsī and Kosala" was intended to be exclusive or inclusive of Ceḍaga, the Licchavi *rājā*. But the phrase *aṭṭhakulikā* in the Pāli suggests the latter; *cf.* p. 81.