An Encyclopaedia of Indian Archaeology v1.c9.s8.29

v1.c9.s8.29

*Chronology*. The above survey brings out that prior to the Harappa culture, i.e. *c.* 2350 B.C., a large number of village communities lived in Baluchistan, Sind and Rajasthan. These communities flourished from the middle of the 4th to the end of 2nd millennium B.C. and some co-existed with the Harappa. These cultures can be divided into two: (1) cultures representing a semi-nomadic to Neolithic phase, and (2) cultures antecedent to the Harappa. While in the Neolithic to the Chalcolithic stages a development could be seen, no antecedent culture showing a gradual development from the pre-Harappa to the Harappa is met with. On the basis of ¹⁴C determinations Agrawal would like to put the time span for the pre-Harappa cultures (antecedent to the Harappa) to *c.* 2600 to 2400 B.C. However the dates would be much earlier if the standard correction of 500 to 550 years is added to this date bracket. The following are the significant (uncalibrated) dates, all B.C (Agrawal and Kusumgar, 1974):