Outlines of Jainism c8.3

c8.3

The original language of the canon was a Prākrit, i.e. an early derivative of Sanskrit, spoken in Bihār: it is known as Ārsha or Ardha-Māgadhī. In the existing Śvetāmbara texts, modified by time, two dialects are distinguished, one being confined to verse; while the Digambaras employ a third. The early commentaries were in Prākrit. Sanskrit, first employed by the Digambaras, has been predominant since about 1000 A.D., although the Prākrit has continued in use. Of modern dialects the Mārwārī, a special form of Hindī, and Gujarātī are preferred.—F. W. T.