The Samkhya System: A History of the Samkhya Philosophy c7.14

c7.14

The intellect is often, as the *Katha Upaniṣad*, compared to a charioteer, whose reins are mind and whose horses the senses. The traveller in the chariot is in the *Anugītā* (xiv, 51, 4) declared to be the Bhūtātman, a conception which corresponds roughly to the psychic apparatus of the classical Sāmkhya which, consisting of mind, individuation, intellect, the ten senses, the fine elements and the subtle portions of the gross elements, accompanies the spirit in all its transmigrations. There is, however, no trace in the epic of a precisely corresponding enumeration of entities as forming part of the Bhūtātman, for the epic often does not recognize the fine elements at all.* Other terms for this migrating apparatus are Liṅga, which, however, also denotes the gross corporeal body, and Retaḥ-śarīra, seed body, which recalls the doctrine of the classical Sāmkhya, that the gross body is producted from the seed of the subtle portions of the gross elements, which form part of the psychic apparatus.