Buddhist Philosophy in India and Ceylon c27: English Index

Buddhist Philosophy in India and Ceylon c27

Language: English

English Index

c27.1

Abhaya Vaṭṭagāmaṇi, (date, CHI. i. 610), Pali Canon written down under, 24. Abhayagiri, monastery, 149. Abhidhārmikas, 153, 156. Absolute, 61-8, 140, 252-66. Abstinence, 201. Ācāryavāda, 149. Accident, 53, 59, 60, 109, 135, 172, 173. Accomplishments, eight, 125. Act, or action, 36, 78-81, 83, 100, 102, 105, 109, 110, 113, 114, 116, 172, 173, 187, 188, 203-8, 283-7; as supernormal (lokottara), 205. Action on self, impossible, 250. Activity, 166, 170, 181-4. Ādi Buddha, 226, 301. Ādityas, as guardians of Ṛta, 69. Adultery, forbidden, 116. Aeons, of world, 94. Affirmative judgements, 312. Age, 97, 98, 104. Aggañña Suttanta, on origin of castes, 72, 109. Aggi-Vacchagotta Sutta, 65. Agnosticism in Buddhism, 39-46; its source, 137. Aiçvarika sect, of Nepal, 301. Ajātasattu, 32, 120. Ajita Kesakambalin, 79, 94, 97, 113, 135. Ājīvaka, or Ājīvika, 41, 97, 136. Akṣobhya, 227. Alagaddūpama Sutta, 64. Āḷāra Kālāma, 124, 144, and see Arāḍa. Alleged Sūtras, 225, n. 5. Altruism condemned as egoistic in the Mahāyāna, 286. Amarāvatī, seat of Caitika school, 151, 158. Amitābha, 221, 268, 271, 293, 297, n. 4, 299, 300. Amitāyus, 226, 268, 299. Anagke, in Greek religion, 69.

c27.2

Ānanda, 27, 62, 209, 221. Andhaka sect, 53, 93, n. 1, 112, 151, 167, n. 2, 169, 188, n. 1, 211, 212, 213, 214, n. 2, 215, 277, n. 1. Anvils, simile of, to illustrate sense action, 190. Aparaçaila sect, 149, 150, 151, 156, 173, 180, 207, 212, 213. Aparaseliya, see Aparaçaila. Applied attention, 88, 90, 100, 103, 127, 144, 145, n. 1, 192, 201. Arāḍa Kālāma, 139, and see Āḷāra. Arahant, see Arhant. Ardha-Māgadhī, relation of to Pali (Lüders, Bruchstücke Buddhistischer Dramen, pp. 40 ff.), 25. Arhant, 72, 73, 120, 171. 173, 193, 212, 214, 220, 293, 295, 297. Aryadeva, 114, n. 2, 154, 216, 229, 230, 238, n. 1, 302. Āryamahā-āṅhikas sect, 157. Aryaçūra, 229. Aryasamitīya, wrong reading for Sammitīya, 157, n. 4. Açoka, author, 233. Açoka, king, see Asoka. Açvaghoṣa, 139, 140, 224, 227, 228. Asaṅga, 156, 230, 231, 258, 301, 302, 304, 305, n. 1, 307, n. 4. Ascetic excesses, disapproved by the Buddha, 137, 138; in the Mahāyāna, 282, 293, 294. Asoka, 33, 152. Astral body, how far recognized in early Buddhism, 129. Astrology, 89; Greek, 157, 229. Asuras, 93. Atoms, 161. Attention, 88, 102, 195, and see Initial attention and Applied attention. Attraction of material things, causes of, 161. Aura, vision of, 127. Authority and reason, relation of, 14, n. 1, 33-9, 283, 284.

c27.3

Avalokiteçvara, 226, 271, 300, 301. Avaraçaila, sect, 151. Avatārs, of Viṣṇu, 220. Aversion, 91, 115, 128.

c27.4

Bādarāyaṇa, 241. Bahuçrutīyas, sect, 149. Bahussutaka, sect, 148, n. 1. Barbarous punishments, not censured by the Buddha, 121, n. 1. Becoming, 98, 104. Being, fundamental character of, 47-74. Belattha-, or Belaṭṭhi-putta, see Sañjaya. Berkeley, 49, 188, n. 2. Bhābhrū edict, references to scripture in, 17, 18. Bhadrāyaṇīya, sect, 150, 158. Bhāvaviveka, 230, 241, 243, 262, n. 2. Bhavya, Nikāyabhedavibhaṅgavyākhyāna, 150, 151, 152. Bhāsarvajña, Nyāyasāra, 318. Bodhicitta, 281, n. 1. Bodhisattva, 74, 134, 171, 211, 212, 220, 255-60, 269, 270, 271, 281, 282, 283, 284, 285, 287-95. Bodily, nutriment, 189. Body, 42, 43, 49, 59, 77, 85, 92; magic, created by a saint, 129. Body of bliss, 269, 270. Body of the law, 210, 221, 255, 267-9. Brahmā, a deity, 29, 33, 40, 71, 72, 93, 110, 207, 273, 291, 301. Brahmajāla Suttanta, 39, 43. Brahman, absolute, 71. Brahmavihāra, 144, 207. Brahmayāna, path to Nirvāṇa, 71. Brahmins, 71, 72, 120, 121, 292, n. 3. Brain, function of, unknown to Buddhism, 197, n. 2. Breaking of chain of causation, 111, 112. Buddha, 13-32, 71, 132, 208-12, 220, 221, 223, 255, 267-72, 283, 284, 285, 289, 295, 296, 297, 298-302 Buddhas of Confession, 296. Buddhadatta, Abhidhammāvatāra, 195, n. 1. Buddhadeva, 154. Buddhagarbha, 282, n. 1. Buddhaghosa, 28, 80, 87, 117, 149, 150, 151, 156, 159, n. 1, 169, 178, 187, 188, 190, 195, 198, 199, 304. Buddhapālita, 110, 230, 240, 243.

c27.5

Buoyancy, as property of matter, 189. Burden-bearer (bhāra-hāra), Sūtra of the, 82. Burma, Buddhism in, 153, n. 2.

c27.6

Caitika, sect, 150, 151, 158. Caityika, 151. Cakkavattisīhanāda Suttanta, 29. Calculus of goods, not found in early Buddhism, 116, 278. Candrakīrti, 230, 232, 240, 269, 270. Career of the Bodhisattva, 287-95. Cārvāka, sect, 42, 134, 316. Caste, the Buddha's views on, 121. Catalepsy as result of meditation, 125, 127. Causation, 59, 60, 61, 96-114, 141, 165-7, 176-84, 238. Celibacy, of monks, 117. Central organ in sensation, 87, 102, 196. Cetiyavādins, a Hīnayāna school, 151, 152. Ceylonese tradition, lack of value of, 17-19. Chain of Causation, 51, 91, 96-113, 145, n. 1, 174, 179-81. Channāgarika, sect, 149, 150. Characteristics, impossibility of existence of, 238. Chariot, simile of, to illustrate nature of self, 77, 188. Children and parents, relations of, 120. Chinese monks, asceticism of, 294. Chinese versions, 218, 222, 223, 224. Chinese writing, 157. Christian character of Buddhist doctrine, 293. Christian love, compared with Buddhist, 117. Christian mysticism, distinguished from Buddhist mysticism, 127. Classifications of phenomena, 200-2. Clinging, 49, 50, 98, 103, 104, 179. Coefficients and causes, 176, 181. Coexistence of Buddhas, 27, 133, 298. Cognition, 161, 162, 173, 174, 192, 195-8, 304-19. Cold, appreciated by touch, 199. Comparison, as a Pramāṇa, 307. Concentration, 115, 126, 127, 171, n. 1, 201, 260, 280. Conduct, 115-18, 278, 279. Confession, 91, 258, 279-83, 288-90.

c27.7

Confession of sins, value attached to the, 114; new significance in the Mahāyāna, 284. Configuration, grasped by the sense of touch, 199. Consciousness or intellect, 51, 52, 54, 57, 65, 78, 82, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 90, 94, 98, 100, 101, 102, 140, 173, 174, 179, 180, 193, 246, 306, n. 1; after death, 41, 42; cosmic and individual, 256, 257 Conservatism, of Buddhist views on caste, 120, 121. Contact, 98, 102, 103, 179. Contentment, as duty, 118, 278. Continuity, 78-81, 170-6, 181-4, 208; of time, 164. Controversies with the Nyāya, 313-19. Corruption in early Buddhist order, 122. Cosmic and Individual Consciousness, 256, 257. Cosmology, 109. Council of Kaniska, 23, 155. Council of Pāṭaliputra, 18, 52 Council of Vaiçālī, 17, 23, 148. Cremation among Chinese monks, 294. Criminals, experiments on, 42, n. 2. Cūlasuññata Sutta, 52. Cymbals, simile of, to illustrate sense cognition, 197.

c27.8

Dārṣṭāntikas, section of Sautrāntika school, 173. Death, 97, 98, 104, 195, 213. Debt, as ground of taking monastic vows, 122. Decadence of world, 94. Decay, 189. Defects of Mahāyāna ideas, as compared with Hinayāna, 295-8. Defilement, 103, 145, 243, 256, 270 and see Infection. Definition, form of, 304. Degrees, of reality and truth, 222. Delusion, 91, 115, 128. Denial of consciousness and self-consciousness, 250, 251. Descent of consciousness into the womb, 80, 101. Desire, 97, 98, 99, 103, 179. Destruction, 167. Destruction of birth, 104, 130. Determinate perception 162.

c27.9

Determinism, 67, 113, 135, 136, 175, n. 1. Devadatta, 109, 117. Devakṣema, Vijñānakāya, 154. Development of the Chain of Causation, 97-9. Devotion and the transfer of merit, 283-6. Dhamma, 16, 53, 60, 68-74, 86, 87, 112, 160, 197. Dhammaguttikas, see Dharmaguptikas. Dhammarucis, a school in Ceylon, 150, 152. Dhammayāna, path to Nirvāṇa, 71. Dhammuttariya, see Dharmottarika. Dharma, as a god, 70. Dharmaguptikas, 23, 149, 150, 158. Dharmākara, 299. Dharmakāya, body of the law, 210, 221, 255, 267-9. Dharmakīrti, 243, 305-19. Dharmalakṣaṇa, name of Vijñānavāda school, 243, n. 1. Dharmapriya, 154. Dharmatrāta, works and date of, 154. Dharmottara, Abhidharmahrdayaçaṣtra, 160, n. 1. Dharmottara, logician, 308, 317. Dharmottarika, sect, 149, 150. Dhyāni-Buddhas, or Jinas, 271. Dignāga, 242, n. 2, 243, 250, 305-13. Discrimination, 144. Dissolution of world, periodic, 94. Docetism, of Vetulyakas, 209, 221. Doctrine of the Act, in the Hīnayāna, 113, 114; in the Mahāyāna, 286, 287. Dreams, theory of, 194, 236, 265. Dreamer, cannot attain saintship, 214. Duration, 167, 201. Duration of Buddhist faith, halved by admission of women, 116, 132.

c27.10

Ear, 87, 102, and see Hearing. Early Indian thought, place of Buddhism in, 135-47. Early Sāmkhya views and Buddhism, 138-43. Early Yoga views and Buddhism, 143-5. Efficacy of gifts to the Buddha, 210, 211.

c27.11

Efficiency, as characteristic of reality, 166, 170, 175, 176, 181-4. Ego as a series, 169-76. Egoistic character of Hīnayāna doctrine, 288. Eightfold way of salvation, 119. Ekabbohārika, sect, 148, 149, 208. Ekavyavahārika, sect, 149, and see above. Elements, doctrine of six, 94, 95, 101, 189, 202. Embryo, and cognition, 52, 179; cannot attain Saintship, 214. Empedokles, 58. Empirical and Transcendental reality, 61-8. Empirical Psychology, 84-91, 187-202. Epic philosophy, 139, 145. Epistemology, lack of formal, 90; in the Madhyamaka, 235, 236; in the Vijñānavāda, 242-4, 256, 257. Equipment of Knowledge, 275-7. Equipment of Merit, 277-9. Equivocators, views of, 40, 41. Eternalist views, 39, 40. Eternity of world, 94, 163. Ether, or space, 128, 160, 168, 169, 185, n. 1, 186. Evolution of world, periodic, 94. Example, in syllogism, 305, 307, 313, 314, 315. Experiments, on criminals, to find soul, 42, n. 2. External form of chain of causation, 180, 181. External reality, 52-6, 92-5, 161, 162, 184-6, 265, 266. Eye, 88, and see Visual consciousness.

c27.12

Fa-Hian, 156, 158, 226. Faith, place of, in Buddhism, 34, 35, 39, 111, 132. Fall, Buddhist counterpart to doctrine of the, 109. Fallacies, in logic, 307, 313. Fatalism, 97, 113, 135, 136. Feeling, 51, 57, 76, 85, 86, 88, 90, 98, 103, 179, 196, 200. Females, see Women. Femininity, as a maternal derivative, 189. Finite character of world, 94. Fire, nature of extinction of, as distinct from annihilation of entity, 65, 66. Firebrand, simile of the, 262. Flame and visible fire, 66. Flow of consciousness, 104, 180, 194, 195. Foreign influences, on development of the Mahāyāna, 216, 217. Former births, memory of, 129. Forms of meditation, or trance, various, 122-7, 144, 145, 249. Four Trances, two sets of, 123-7, 144, 145. Freedom of the will, 116, 173, n. 1. 174, 175, n. 1. Freedom of thought, of Buddhists, 34-6, 45, 46, 283, 284. Friendly speech, inculcated, 117. Friends, mutual duties of, 120. Fundamental character of being, in the Hīnayāna, 47-74; in the Madhyamaka, 237-41; in the Vijñānavāda, 244-51; in the Mahāyāna-śraddhotpāda, 252-6. Future time, 163-8.

c27.13

Gandhabba, 108, 194, 205, 207. Gandhāran art, 223, 224. Gāthās, 226. Gauḍapāda, 241, 262, 263. Gayā, sermon at, 142. Generosity, 279-83, and see Liberality. Ghosaka, 154. Gifts, 117, 118, 204, 279-83. Gifts to the Buddha, efficacy of, 210, 211. Grammatical analysis, 304. Great Male (mahāpuruṣa), 27, 29. Greek art, influence of, on Indian thought, 217, 222, 224. Greek astrology, 157, 229. Greek influence, 196, n. 1, 216, 217. Godhika, suicide of, 80, 128. Gods, characteristics of, 58. 91, 93, 94, 104, n. 3, 124, 205, 213. Gokulikas, or Kukkulikas, a Hīnayāna school, 151. Golden Age, not admitted as result of evolution, 73. Good pride, 111. Good thirst, 111. Gosāla, see Makkhali. Grounds of recollection, 193, 194. Guhasena, of Valabhī, 158.

c27.14

Gunamati, commentator on the *Abhidharmakoça*, 156.

c27.15

Haimavata, sect, 150. Hallucinations, 123. Halo, borrowed from Greek Art, 223. Happiness, or holiness, of release, 128, 129, *and see* Pleasure. Harivarman, *Satyasiddhiçāstra*, 234, n. 1. Harsa, king of Thānesar, 158. Hartmann, E. von, 58, n. 1. Hearing, 87, 93, n. 1, 102, 189. Heart, as central organ, 87, 196. Heavenly sounds, 123, 129. Heavenly vision, 122, 130. Heaviness, appreciated by touch, 199. Hedonism, 204, n. 2. Hell, attained in life, 171; possibility of good action in, 206, n. 2. Hells, or purgatories, 92, 98. Herakleitos, 60. Heresy, 38. Hetuvādin, sect, 285, n. 3. Hetuvidyas, sect, 150. Hinayāna, 1-215, 274, 278, 283, 285, n. 3, 288, 294, n. 4, 296, 297, 303-5; as inferior to the Mahāyāna, 259, 260, 288. Hiuen-Tsang, 154, 158, 293. Hunger, appreciated by touch, 199. Hunnish writing, 157. Husbands and wives, relations of, 120.

c27.16

Idealism, in Hīnayāna, 45, 161, 162, 196-8; in Mahāyāna, 228, 242-51, 252-6. Idealistic interpretation of sense process, 195-7. Idealistic Negativism of the Vijñānavāda, 242-51. Ideas, 102, 197, 198. Ideation, 51, 77, 85, 86, 88, 90, 98, 196, 198, 200. Ignorance, 98, 99, 179. Illimitables, two, 201. Illiteracy, alleged, of early Buddhism, 31, n. 1. Illusory precepts, 311. Imagination, relation of, to sensation, 162, 244, 245, 305, 306, 308-10. Immoral tendencies in the Mahāyāna, 295, 296, 298. Impermanence, 56, 60, 92, 93, 167, 168, 170, 181-4, 189, 201, 237, 238, 264, 265, 316, 317. Impurity, 182; meditation of, 123. Indeterminate perception, 162. Indeterminates, 43, 46, 94, 128, 172, 188, 219. Individual Buddhas, see Pacceka Buddha. Individuality, Sautrāntika effort to explain, 174, 175. Ineffability of the Tathāgata, 66, 67. Infection, 105. Inference, 238, 306, 307, 311-13, 313-16. Infinity of consciousness or intellect, 93, 124, 144. Infinity of space, 93, 124, 144. Infinity of world, 94. Initial attention, 88, 89, 100, 103, 127, 144, 145, n. 1, 192, 201. Integration, 189. Intellect or consciousness, 51, 52, 54, 57, 65, 78, 82, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 90, 94, 98, 100, 101, 102, 140, 173, 174, 179, 180, 193, 246, 256, 257, 306, n. 1. Interaction of mind and body, 161, 162, 172, 173. Intermediate being, in transmigration, 179, 207, 208. Interpretation of the Chain of Causation, 105-9. Interrelation of consciousness and the body, discerned by the Saint, 129; of cosmic and individual consciousness, 256, 257. Intimation by act and by speech, 189. Intoxicants (*āsava*), 130. Intuition, 34-9, 90, 115, 122-6, 128-30, 132, 193, 196, 258, 262, 271, 275, 318. Invariable concomitance, 312, 314, 315. Involuntary sin, as opposed to voluntary, 195, 203. Irony, of the Buddha, 14. Īçvara, as incomprehensible, 285, n. 3. Īçvarakṛṣṇa, 139. I-Tsing, 159, 294, 298, n. 1.

c27.17

Jains, 68, 94, 113, 137, 203. Janaka of Videha, 32. Jaṭilas, 113. Jetavana, monastery, 149. Jinas, or Dhyāni-Buddhas, 271, 283.

c27.18

Jīvā, as type of mortality, 57. Jo-do-shū sect, 226. Judgements, classification of, 312, distinguished from perception, 188.

c27.19

Kaccāyana, see Pakudha. Kakusandha, a Buddha, 27. Kaṇāda, date of, 305, n. 3. Kanika, 229. Kaniṣka, 20, 154, 227. Kant, 45, n. 1, 55, 264, n. Kapila, nominal founder of the Sāṃkhya, 140. Kapilavatthu, alleged connexion with Kapila, 140. Kārli, seat of Mahāsāṅghika school, 158, Kāçyapa, legend of, 211, n. 1. Kāçyapa Mātaṅga, 218, n. 3. Kāçyapīya, sect, 149, 150, 158, 163. Kashmir, 152, 154, 155; decline in monasticism, 297. Kasiṇas, form of meditation, 125. Kassapa, see Pūraṇa. Kassapa, the Buddha, 27; as teacher of Çākyamuni, 212. Kassapika, see Kāçyapīya. Kātyāyanīputra 154. Kesakambalin, see Ajita. Kevaddha (or Kevatta) Sutta, 33, 47. Khāravela of Kaliṅga, 32. Khattiyas, 72, 121, 293, n. 3. Khemā, a nun, conversation of, with Pasenadi, 66. Koṇāgamana, a Buddha, 27. Knowledge, limits of, 33-46; kinds of, in Madhyamaka, 235, 236; in Vijñānavāda, 242-4; 303-19. Kuanyin, deity, 300, n. 3. Kukkulika, or Kukkuṭika, sect, 149, 150, 208. Kumārajīva, 229. Kumāralabdha, head of Sautrāntika school, 156. Kumārila, 293, n. 3, 317. Kṛṣṇa, deity of, 15, 283. Kṣatriyas, 72, 121, 293, n. 3.

c27.20

Lamp, simile of, illustrating continuity of thought, 170. Lay ethics, 119, 120, 133. Laymen, 131, 133, and monks, 116, 120. Liberality, 117, 118, 204, 279-83. Liberation, 254, 255, 258, 273-87. Lightness, appreciated by touch, 199. Like, known by like, doctrine of, 195. Limits of knowledge, 33-46, 235, 236, 242-4. Links of the Chain of Causation, 99-105. Livelihood, restriction of modes of, permissible to monks, 116. Logic, 303-19. Lokāyatas, 42, 134. Lokeçvararāja, 299. Lokottaravādin, sect, 149, 156, 157, 208, 209, 301. Love, 117, 123, 134, 280. Luxuries, restrictions on, 116.

c27.21

Madhyamaka, 45, 66, 67, 74, 83, 112, 157, 158, 160, 173, n. 4, 225, 233, 235-41, 242, 243, 249-51, 266, 267, 273, 286, 310, n. 1, 319. Magadha, 152. Māgadhī, relation of, to Pali, 25. Magic body, 271, 272. Magic potency, thwarts natural law, 60. Magic powers, of the saint, 129, 130, 193; also in the Yoga, 145, n. 1. Magicians, power to withdraw soul from a man, 111. Mahādeva, 15, 212, n. 1, 213, n. 1. Mahākausthila, Saṃgītiparyāya ascribed to, 154. Mahānidāna Sutta, 52, 76, 80. Mahāpadāna Suttanta, 27. Mahāsāṅghika, sect, 148, 149, 150, 151, 156, 157, 158, 162, n. 1, 172, 177, n. 3, 188, n. 1, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212, 220, 222, n. 5. Mahāsāṅgītika, sect, 148, n. 1. Mahāsudassana Suttanta, 29. Mahāvihāra of Ceylon, 24, 148, 149, n. 1. Mahāvīra, Jain leader, 32. Mahāyāna, 34, 37, 38, 47, 156, 157, 158, 169, 222, n. 5. Maheçvara, produced by Ādi Buddha, 301. Mahiṃsaka. 150, n. 2. Mahiṃsāsaka, sect, 149, 150, 151, 156, 158, 169, 222, n. 5. Mahīçāsaka, see Mahiṃsāsaka. Mahomedan ruin of Buddhism in India, 233. Maintenance, 189.

c27.22

Maitreya, Metteyya, 117, n. 1, 134, 211, n. 1, 289, 295. Maitreya, alleged author of certain works, 231, logical views of, 304, 305. Maitreyanātha, *Abhisamayālaṃkāra*, 231, n. 1, 307, n. 4. Makkhali Gosāla, 79, 97, 113, 115. Māluṅkyāputta Sutta, 62. Man, changed into woman, 204. Manichaean influence, on Indian thought, 217, n. 1. Mañjughoṣa, 293. Mañjuśrī, 226, 268. Māra, part of, in Buddhist legend, 27, 72, 77, 80, 123. Marriage, when permissible, 296, 297. Marriage by capture, warning against, 120. Married life, for a sage, 214, n. 2; in Mahāyāna, 296, 297. Masculinity, as a material derivative, 189. Master and servant, duties inter se, 120. Material compounds, 161. Materialists, 42, 74, 113, 134, 316. Mathematics, 89. Maticitra, 229. Mātṛkā, ‘lists’, as germ of the Abhidhamma, 22. Mātṛceṭa, 229. Matter, or material form, 51, 57, 85, 88, 92–5, 101, 140, n. 2, 161, 168, 188, n. 1, 189, 190, 197, 198, 206, 207. Maudgalyāyana, *Prajñāptiśāstra*, ascribed to, 154. Māyāvāda, 261. Meat, use of, forbidden, 295. Mechanism of the Act, 203–7. Medical science, division of topics in, 57. Medicine, influence of, on Buddhist ideas, 89. Meditations, form of, in Hīnayāna, 30, 42, 43, 90, 119, 122–7; origin of, 144, 145; in Mahāyāna, 249, 288. Memory, 84, 171, 177, 185, 193, 194; of former birth, 40, 92–4, 129. Mental compounds, 161. Mental construction, in consciousness, 244, 245; and see Imagination. Method of argument, in early Buddhism, 303, 304.

c27.23

Metteyya, see Maitreya. Middle term, nature of, 306, 307, 311, 312. Mīmāṃsā, 234. Mind, 85, 89, 102, 161, 168, 169, 195, 199, 214, 246, 253, 256. Minds of others, saints’ power to know, 129. Miracle, attending a Buddha’s birth, 27; not essential part of Buddhist doctrine, 35; resulting from intuition, 193. Misery, 56–60; origin of, 97–105. Mode of transmigration, 207, 208. Moggallāna, 19. Moggalliputta, recorded on Stūpa at Sāñchi, 19. Moggalliputta, see Tissa. Momentariness, 92, 167, 168, 181–4, 189, 237, 238, 264, 265, 316, 317. Monasticism, decline of, 297, 298. Monkey-sleep, 194. Morals, 114, 116, 203, 204, 277–86. Motives for entering the monastic order, 122. Mysticism, Christian and Buddhist, 127. Mūla-Sarvāstivādin, sect, 149, 158, 159. Murderer, fate of, 206.

c27.24

Nacre, mistaken for silver, 236. Nāgārjuna, 34, 156, 229, 230, 233, 254, 258, 261, 268, 307, n. 4. Nāgasena, 77. Nālandā, University of, 158. Name and form, 51, 52, 54, 85, 98, 100, 101, 141, 179. Nanda, story of, 204. Nāsik, seat of Bhadrayanīyas, 158. Nārāyaṇa, or Viṣṇu, 29. Nātaputta, Mahāvīra, 136. Natural causation, 112, 113. Natural law, thwarted by magic potency, 60, n. 1, and see Uniformity of Nature. Nature, 141, and see External Reality and Matter. Negative judgements, 312 Negativism, in early Buddhism, 45, 47–53; in the Mahāyāna, 237–41, 244–51. Neoplatonic influence on Indian thought, 217, n. 1. Nepal, decline of monasticism, 297.

c27.25

Neutral consciousness, 187, 188, 214. Nidāna Sutta, 98, n. 3. Nigaṇṭhas, 42, 136. Nikāyas, chronological strata in, 21, 22. Nirvāṇa, 42, 43, 49, 50, 61–8, 82, 93, 112, 113, 128–30, 131, 145, 169, 185, n. 1, 188, n. 1, 214, 215, 219, n. 2, 240, 257–9, 267, 268, 288. Non-mental compounds, 161. Non-perception, 312. Non-returner, 70, 131, 193, 205. Non-soul, doctrine of, 45, 48, 75–81, 169–76. Normalism, 68–74. Nothingness, 48, 68, n. 1, 93, 144. Nuns, see Women. Nyāya, 234, 287, n. 3, 305, 307, 313–19. Nymphs, seduce ascetics, 118, 123.

c27.26

Objective and subjective, no precise parallel to distinction of, 188. Offerings to the dead, allowed in Buddhism, 114. Old age, 167, n. 3, 201, Omniscience of the Buddha, 44. Once-returner, 131, 193. Ontology, in the Hinayāna, 47–74, 160–86 ; in the Madhyamaka, 237–41, in the Vijñānavāda, 244–51 ; in the Mahāyānaśraddhotpāda, 252–6. Origin of Misery, 97–105. Original element in Buddhism, 146, 147. Origination, 167.

c27.27

Pacceka Buddha, 34, 132, 193, 272. Padmapāṇi, 293. Padmottara, 227, 300. Pain, see Misery. Paijācī, language, home of, 25 ; 154. Pakudha Kaccāyana, 94, 113, 135. Pali Canon, authenticity and date of, 16–26. Pali language, home of, 24, 25 ; in northern scriptures, 154. Paradise, of Amitābha, 299. Parents and children, mutual duties of, 120. Parinirvāṇa, 32, 61, 132, 149. Part and whole, 247. Particularizer, the Buddha as a, 153. Pācupata school, 225. Pāsādika Suttanta, 44.

c27.28

Pasenadi, 66, 72. Past time, 163–8. Pātika Suttanta, 29. Path of Salvation, 115–22. Pāyāsi, experiments on criminals by, 42, n. 2. Perception, 51, 57, 85, 86, 88, 90, 98, 196, 198, 200, 238, 306, 308–10 ; distinguished from judgement, 198. Perfections, eight, 125 ; ten, 209, 223, 260. Permanence, formal disproof of, 183. Person, doctrine of a, 81–4, 175, 191, 202, 222, n. 2. Personality of the Buddha, problem of, 13–15, 26–31, 147, 289. Pessimism, 57–60, and see Misery. Phenomenal time, 163–5. Philosophy of Spirit, in Hinayāna, 75–91 ; in Madhyamaka, 237–41 ; in Vijñānavāda, 244–51 ; in Mahāyānaśraddhotpāda, 252–6. Physical medium, in sensation, 88. Physician, the Buddha as a, 37, 39. Piṇḍola, legend of, 211, n. 1. Piṅgalākṣa, 230, n. 1. Pilgrimages, by monks and laymen to sacred places of Buddhism, 133. Pity of the Buddha, 209 ; of Avalokiteçvara, 300. Plasticity, as a property of matter, 189. Pleasure, 95, 127–9, 281, 282. Plurality of spirits, in the Sāṃkhya, 139. Political philosophy, 120, 121. Popular morality, 278. Positions of Mastery, 123. Possibility, criterion of, 264. Possibility of breaking Chain of Causation, 111, 112. Poṭṭhapāda Sutta, 43, 111. Powers, ten, 221. Pragmatism, 62, 311. Prajāpati, and time, 163. Prajñāpāramitā, as a deity, 301. Prajñaptivādin, sect, 149, 213, n. 4. Praçastapāda, 305, 306. Prāsaṅgikas, school, 241, n. 1. Pre-eminence of the Mahāyāna, 259, 260. Present time, 163–8. Pretas, 93, 205. Prognostication, authority of, 194. Psychic powers, marvellous, enjoyed by the Saint, 129.

c27.29

Psychology, see Empirical Psychology and Self. Pubbaseliyas, see Pūrvaçailas. Punishment, 204, 205. Pūraṇa Kassapa, 113, 137. Purgatories, or hills, 92, 93. Purifications, 114. Pūrṇa, legend of, 289. Pūrṇa, *Dhātukāya* ascribed to, 154. Purpose, necessary for moral quality of action, 91. Pūrvaçailas, sect, 149, 151, 156, 173, 180, n. 1, 207, 215, 218. Pythagoras, erroneous view of Garbe as to his dependence on Indian thought, 139, n. 3.

c27.30

Rāhula, son of the Buddha, 210. Rāhula, instruction of, on falsehood, text referred to by Asoka, 17. Rāja Açvaghoṣa, 227, n. 1. Rājagirikas, sect, 149, 210, n. 3, 213. Rāmānuja, 241, 261. Rāmaputta, see Uddaka. Rationalism, 14, 26, 61. Ratnākara Çanti, 316. Ratnakīrti, 181, 233, 317. Realism, 53, 92-5, 160-2, 184-6, 265, 266. Reason, and authority, 14, n. 1, 33-9, 283, 284. Rebirth, 95. Rebirth consciousness, 171. *Reductio ad absurdum*, 239. Reflection of world in Spirit, in the Sāṃkhya, 139, n. 2, 141, 142. Regulated breathing, as exercise, 123. Relics of the Buddha, worship of, 133. Religious practices, 120. Resistance contact, 55, 199. Respect due to member of the monastic order, 122. Resting Places for Consciousness, 124. Retribution, process of, 204-6. Right action, 119. Right aspiration, 119. Right concentration, 119. Right effort, 119. Right livelihood, 119. Right mindfulness, 119. Right speech, 119. Right views, 119. Righteousness, reasons for, among laymen, 119, 120.

c27.31

Ritual bathing, allowed in Buddhism, 114, n. 2. Roughness, appreciated by touch, 199. Royal tyranny, as ground for taking monastic vows, 122.

c27.32

Çabda, verbal testimony, 307. Çaiçunāga dynasty, 32. Çākyamuni, 289, 291, 301. Çañkara, 208, 261-6. Çañkara, commentator on Gauḍapāda, 263. Çañkarasvāmin, 305, n. 4. Çāntabhadra, 308, n. 2. Çāntideva, 232, 239, 240, 280, 285, 294. Çāntirakṣita, 262, n. 2. Çāriputra, *Dharmaskandha* ascribed to, 154. Çiva, the god, 29, 283. Çrāvaka, 249, 255, 259, 260. Çrilābha, 156, n. 1. Çroṇāparantaka, 289. Çūdras, 72, 121. Çūra, 229.

c27.33

Saṇṇāgarikas (Saṇṇagarikas), a Hīnayāna school, 150.

c27.34

Sabbatthivādin, see Sarvāstivādin. Sacrifice, 114. Sāgaliyas, a school in Ceylon, 150. Saint, 103, 130-2. Sakka (Çakra), 118. Salvation by grace, 221. Sāmaññaphala Sutta, 119. Saṃkrāntivādin, sect, 83, 149. Sāṃkhya, 51, 56, 65, 99, 100, 106, 108, 135, 138-43, 165, 178, 180, 192, 208, 234, 237, 246, 261, 310, n. 1. Sāṃkhyakārikā, of Īçvarakṛṣṇa, 139. Sammitiyas, Sāmmitiyas, 53, 81, 83, n. 3, 149, 150, 157, 158, 175, n. 2, 207, 212, 213. Saṅgīti Suttanta, 23, n. 4, 49. Saṅghadeva, 154. Sañjaya Belaṭṭhaputta or Belaṭṭhiputta, 41, 137, 303. Sarasvatī, produced by the Ādi Buddha, 301. Sāriputta, 19, 22, 67, 77, 84. Sarvāstivādin, school, 20, 23, 24, 149, 150, 153, 155, 156, 158, 160, 165, 167, 171, 177, 184, 198, 199, 207, 209, 212, 219, 223, 227, 231.

c27.35

Sāti, arguments of, as to consciousness, 78, 79. Sautrāntikas, 81, 150, 151, 155, 156, 160, 161, 167, 168, 169-74, 177, 178, 180, 189, 196, 197, 198, 199, 208, 210, n. 2, 219, 221, 237, 240, 244, 245, 247, 263, 269, n. 1, 308, 309. Schools of the Hīnayāna, 148-59. Schopenhauer, 55, 58, n. 1. Science, lack of, in Buddhist times, 89. Season-born, as a causal category, 113. Seed, development of, 181. Self, 40, 41, 42, 43, 57, 59, 62; 75-91, 116, 169-76, 191, 192. Self-consciousness, 173, 174, 238, 250. Self-hypnosis, 122, 123. Self possession, 90. Self sacrifice, in the Mahāyāna, 282, 293-5. Sensation, relation of, to imagination, 162, 305, 306, 308-10. Senses, 87-9, 102, 188, 189, 192, 195-8, 246, 257. Servants and masters, relations of, 120. Shin-gon sect, in Japan, 224. Shin-shū, sect, 226. Siam, Buddhism in, 153, n. 2. Siddhattha, or Siddhatthika, sect, 149, 210, n. 3, 213. Sigālovāda Sutta, 120. Significance of the Chain of Causation, 109, 110. Sikhin, a Buddha, 27. Sin, 113, 114; permissible in certain circumstances, 295, 296. Sinlessness of the Buddha, 109. Slaves, attitude of Buddhism towards, 121. Smell, 87, 93, n. 1, 102, 189. Smoothness, appreciated by touch, 199. Social reforms, not aimed at by the Buddha, 120, 121. Socratic method, in Buddhism, 35. Soul, 40, 41, 42, 43, 57, 59, 62, 75-91, 116, 169-76, 191, 192. Sources of knowledge, 33-46. Space, or ether, 64, 94, 95, 113, 128, 160, 168, 169, 185, 186, 189. Speech constructions, of reality, 245, n. 1. Spheres, forms of meditation, 124. Stages of Arahantship, connected with four degrees of Yogins, 145, n. 1. Stages of Deliverance, 124. Sthavira, school, 149, 150, 152, 156, 158. Sub-consciousness, 194, 204. Subjective and objective, 188. Suchness, 157, 178, 222, 248, 252-6, 271, 272. Suddas (Cūdras), 72, 121. Suicide, of Godhika, approved, 80, 128. Superiority of the Mahāyāna to the Hīnayāna, 259, 260. Suppression of desire, 111, 290. Suppression of sensation and idea, 124. Sureçvarācārya, 314, 315. Suttavādin, sect, 149. Suvarnākṣī, 227. Svātantrikas, school of Madhyamaka, 241, n. 1. Syllogism, 306, 312, 313. Sympathy, indication of, 123.

c27.36

Takṣaçilā, University of, 25. Tantric elements in Buddhism, 301, 302. Tao, in Chinese religion, 69. Tapas, and Yoga, 143. Tārās, deities, 300. Taste, 87, 93, n. 1, 102, 189, 190. Tathāgata, 62-7, 71, 72, 84, 248, 255, 268, 269, 284, 301; meaning of, 36. Tathāgatagarbha, 228, 248, 255. Teaching, as essential for knowledge, 34, 35. Theistic tendencies, 283, 285. Thief, fate of, 206. Thirst, appreciated by touch, 199. Thought (citta), 82, 85, 145, 194, 195, 199, 246. Three bodies of a Buddha, 216, 221, 267-72. Tibetan translations, 222. Time, 163-8, 239. Tissa Moggaliputta, 18, 19. Touch, 87, 93, n. 1, 102, 169, 177, 189, 195, 196, 199. Trance, 30, 42, 43, 90, 119, 123-7, 144, 145, 249; arrangement to facilitate monks in experiencing it, 127. Transcendental time, 163-5. Transfer of merit, 211, 283-6. Trepiṭaka, first mention of, 23. Trikāya, 216, 221, 267-72.

c27.37

Trilocana, 317. Truth, see Knowledge. Types of minds, 193.

c27.38

Udāyin, his view as to body of the Buddha, 210. Uddaka Rāmaputta, 124, 144. Uddyotakara, 82, 306, 318. Uncompounded element, 128. Unconscious gods, 41, 213. Uniformity of Nature, 60, 96, 112, 113, 172, 173, 174. Untimely death, denied by Prajñaptivādins, 213, n. 4. Upagupta, erroneous identification of, with Tissa Moggaliputta, 19. Upāli, 71. Upanisads, 30, 54, 57, 59, 61, 62, 65, 73, 84, 87, 89, 90, 93, 113, 114, 115, 128, 138, 139, 143, 261, 301. Upatissa, 19, 22. Uttarāpathakas, 93, n. 1, 157, 169, 171, 188, 209, 212, 213, 214. Uttaraçaila, 150, 151.

c27.39

Vācaspati Miçra, 306, 314, 317. Vacchagotta, inquiries of, as to the self, 62. Vaibādyavādins, bad version of for Vibhajyavādins, 150. Vaibhāṣikas, 155, 156, 160, 162, 165, 167, 175, 196, 208, 210, n. 2, 263. Vaipulya Sūtras, 223, 224. Vaiçeṣika, 247, 314, 317, and see Nyāya. Vaiçyas, 72, 121. Vajirā, discourses of Māra of the self, 77. Vājiriya, sect, 149. Vajjians, 120. Vajjiputtakas, 16, 23, 81, 83, n. 3, 148, 149, 150, 151, 202, 212, 221. Vajrapāṇi, 293. Vakkali, suicide of, 128, n. 2. Valabhī, headquarters of Sāmmitīyas, 158. Vārṣagaṇya, 262. Varuṇa, as guardian of Rta, 69. Vasubandhu, 82, 155, 156, 175, 231, 232, 246, 258, 289, 304, 305, n. 2, 318. Vasumitra, Prakaraṇapāda ascribed to, 154. Vasumitra, commentator on Abhidharmakoça, 156. Vasumitra, Samayabhedoparacanacakra, 149, 150, 151, 152.

c27.40

Vātsīputrīya, see Vajjiputtaka. Vedānta, 78, 107, n. 3, 110, 128, 138, 184-6, 233, 234, 241, 248, 260-6, 273, 283. Verbal testimony, 307. Verification of truth of Buddhism, 35, 36. Vessabhu, a Buddha, 27. Vessantara, prince, 117. Vessas, Vaiçyas, 72, 121. Vetulyakas, 23, 156, 157, 209, 214, n. 3, 222, 297, n. 2. Vibhajjavādin, Vibhajyavādin, school, 15, 24, 26, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 157, 165, 168, 175, 212. Vicarious suffering, 293, 294. Vijñānabhikṣu, 261. Vijñānavāda, 45, 83, 157, 158, 161, 173, n. 4, 196, 218, 219, 225, 228, 233, 238, 240-6, 267, 273, 286-8, 305. Vimalākṣa, 230, n. 1. Vindhyavāsa, (cf. Keith, Karma-Mīmāṃsā, p. 59), 231. Vinītabhadra, 308, n. 2. Vinītadeva, 308, n. 2. Vipassin, a Buddha, 27. Viçiṣṭādvaita, school of Vedānta, 256, n. 1. Viṣṇu, the god, 29, 283. Visual consciousness, 79, 87, 102, 196. Vital spirit, 83, 88, 176, 191, 200. Vivartavāda, form of Vedānta, 256, n. 1. Void, 49, 50, 66, 110, 127, 157, 166, 219, 224, 228, 230, 235-41, 247-51, 274, 280.

c27.41

Wheel of existence, 105. Whole and part, 239, 247. Wieldiness, as a property of matter, 189. Will, 91, 114, 194, 195. Wives and husbands, relations of, 120. Wives of the Buddha, tradition of, 210. Women, 116, 133, 297, 302. Word, function of, 174. Word of the Buddha, value of, 36, 37, 283, 284. World, 40, 46, 92-4, 163. World of Brahmā, 65, 124, 129, 131, 187. World of desire, 64, 92, 207. Worship of the Quarters, reinterpreted by the Buddha, 122.