Indian Philosophy v2.c27.s3.3

v2.c27.s3.3

Vasugupta (eighth century A.D.) is said to have found the Śiva Sūtra and taught it to Kallaṭa. Spanda Kārikā composed by Vasugupta or Kallaṭa, Somānanda's Śivadr̥ṣṭi (A.D. 900), Utpala's Pratyabhijñā Sūtra (A.D. 930), Abhinavagupta's Paramārthasāra and Pratyabhijñāvimarśinī, Tantrāloka, Kṣemarāja's Śivasūtravimarśinī and Spandasandoha, are some of the important works of this school. They accept the Śaiva Āgamas and the Siddhānta works as authoritative, and modify them in the direction of Śaṃkara's Advaita. These works, which show differences of opinion and are said to represent three distinct kinds of monistic idealism, are collectively called Trika.⁵ Śiva Sūtra with Bhāskara's Vārttika and Kṣemarāja's Vimarśinī represents one tendency; Vasugupta's Spanda Kārikā, with Kallaṭa's Vr̥tti, expound an idealism which is not much different from the first. Somānanda's Śivadr̥ṣṭi and Utpala's Pratyabhijñā Sūtra and Abhinava-