A Constructive Survey of Upanishadic Philosophy c14: Errata
A Constructive Survey of Upanishadic Philosophy c14
- Language
- English
Errata
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PAGE
22. ( 10th line from the bottom ) heliolatory, *read* heliolatry
63. ( 3rd line from the bottom ) roof of philosophy in Greec *read* root of philosophy in Greece 75 ff. For Cosmogony, insert Heading Chapter II : Cosmogony
81. *τό ὄν* *read* *τό μή ὄν*
95. ( 3rd line from the top ) whatever *read* whatsoever
153. *ἀνάμνησις* *read* *ἀνάμνησις* 223 ( 18th line from the top ) problem *read* the problem 228 ( 7th line from the top ) Śaṅkara *read* Śaṅkara 277 ( 5th line from the bottom ) it is *read* the Ātman is 295 ( 10th line from the bottom ) to us nearer *read* us nearer to 304 ( 10th line from the top ) *draṣṭavyo* *read* *draṣṭavyaḥ* 306 ( 10th line from the top ) Neitzsche *read* Nietzsche 330 ( 14th line from the top ) There *read* there 344 ( 15th line from the top ) unmistakably *read* unmistakably The *fraternities* of the Middle Ages, which were so numerous and so varied in their objects, were not all of the same origin. Some were religious, some social, some charitable, and some industrial. The religious guilds, or *gilds*, as they were often called, were associations of laymen for the purpose of performing religious duties, such as the maintenance of a chaplain, the celebration of masses, or the support of a hospital. The social guilds were formed for the purpose of mutual aid and good fellowship, and often included in their objects the relief of the poor, the sick, and the aged. The charitable guilds were established for the purpose of supporting hospitals, almshouses, and other institutions of mercy. The industrial guilds, or *craft guilds*, were associations of men engaged in the same trade or industry, and were formed for the purpose of regulating the trade, protecting the interests of the members, and maintaining the quality of their work.
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¹⁰⁶ कठ II. 5 *read* कठ II. 5. 9 112 (e) श्वे. VI. 1 *read* (e) श्वे. VI. 5 170 बृ. II. 15-17 *read* बृ. II. 1. 15-17 172 कठ II. 2.12 *read* कठ II. 4.12 कठ I. 2.21 *read* कठ I. 2.22 175 बृ. IV. 4. 9-7 *read* बृ. IV. 4. 6-7 177 छां. VI. 6.10 *read* छां. VI. 9-10 235 श्वे. VI.
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⁵ *read* श्वे. V.5 श्वे. VI. 10 *read* श्वे. IV. 10 श्वे. VI.
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⁹ *read* श्वे. IV. 9 श्वे. VI.
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¹ *read* श्वे. VI. 11 237 ई. 9, 11. *read* ई. 9-11. 238 कठ I. 1.15 *read* कठ I. 2. 15 239 श्वे. VI.
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² *read* श्वे. VI. 5. श्वे. VI. 53 *read* श्वे.VI. 23 श्वे. VI. 1. 1 *read* श्वे. VI. 11 243 बृ. II. 8.8 *read* बृ. III. 8.8 279 मै. II. 6 *read* मै. II. 8. 282 श्वे. III. 2.3 *read* श्वे. III. 2,3. 283 कठ II. 5-11 *read* कठ II. 5.11 छ. X. 901 *read* छ. X. 90.1 284 केन I. 2. 8 *read* केन I. 2-8 285 छां. VIII. 7.12 *read* छां. VIII. 7-12 कठ I. 27 *read* कठ I. 2.7 320 बृ. IV. 3. 2 *read* बृ. IV. 3.21.
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The craft guilds, which became so powerful in the later Middle Ages, were the successors of the earlier *collegia* of the Roman Empire. The *collegia* were associations of artisans and tradesmen, which were recognized by the state and had a legal existence. When the Roman Empire fell, these associations were largely destroyed, but the idea of association for mutual protection and the regulation of trade survived. In the early Middle Ages, the *gilds* began to reappear, and by the twelfth century they were firmly established in many of the cities of Europe.
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The craft guilds were organized on a democratic basis, and every member had a voice in the management of the guild's affairs. The officers were elected by the members, and the rules and regulations were made by the guild as a whole. The guilds had the power to fix prices, to regulate the hours of labor, and to determine the conditions of apprenticeship. They also had the power to punish members who violated the rules, and to expel those who were guilty of serious offenses. The guilds were thus a powerful force in the economic life of the Middle Ages, and they played an important part in the development of the modern industrial system.
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The decline of the craft guilds began in the sixteenth century, when the rise of the factory system and the growth of international trade made it difficult for the small, local guilds to compete with the larger and more efficient industrial organizations. The guilds were also weakened by the growth of the power of the state, which began to regulate trade and industry directly, and by the rise of the capitalist class, which sought to break the power of the guilds and to establish a system of free competition. By the end of the eighteenth century, the craft guilds had largely disappeared, but their influence lived on in the trade unions and other labor organizations of the modern world.
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AN ENCYCLOPAEDIC HISTORY OF INDIAN PHILOSOPHY.
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The Academy of Philosophy and Religion has undertaken the preparation and publication of an Encyclopaedic History of Indian Philosophy in sixteen volumes, much like the Cambridge Modern History, or the Cambridge History of English Literature, making use of the specialised labours of the many great *savants* of Philosophy in India, and bringing their researches to a focus in the Encyclopaedic History, the volumes of which may be set down as follows:—
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Vol. I. The Philosophy and Religion of the Vedas. Vol. II. A Constructive Survey of Upanishadic Philosophy (Now out.) Vol. III. Philosophy and Religion of the Mahābhārata, and the Bhagavadgītā. Vol. IV. The Philosophy of Buddhism. Vol. V. The Philosophy of Jainism. Vol VI. Philosophy of the Darśanas: Sāmkhya, Yoga, and Pūrva-mīmāmsā. Vol. VII. Philosophy of the Darśanas: Nyāya and Vaiśeshika. Vol. VIII. The Philosophy of Advaitism. Vol. IX. Non-Advaitic Vedānta. Vol. X. Indian Mysticism: Mysticism in Mahārāshtra (In the press). Vol. XI. Indian Mysticism: Mysticism outside Mahārāshtra. Vol. XII. Tendencies of Contemporary Thought. Vol. XIII. Sources. Vol. XIV. Sources. Vol. XV. Sources. Vol. XVI. Index.
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The following persons, whose names have been alphabetically arranged, constitute, among others, the Contributors to the series, the asterisk signifying Member of the Editorial Board:—
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* 1. Dr. S. K. Belvalkar, M. A. Ph. D., Professor of Sanskrit, Deccan College, Poona.
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2. Principal Vidhushekhara Bhattacharya, Vishva-Bharati University, Shantiniketan.
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3. Prof. A. Chakravarti M. A., Professor of Philosophy, Presidency College, Madras.
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* 4. Prof. S. N. Das Gupta, M. A. Ph. D., Presidency College, Calcutta.
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* 5. Principal A. B. Dhruva, M. A., Professor of Sanskrit, Hindu University, Benares.
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6. Prof. M. Hiriyanna, M. A., Professor of Sanskrit, Maharaja's College, Mysore.
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7. Prof. Krishnaswami Iyengar, M. A., Professor of History, University of Madras, Madras.
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8. V. Subramanya Iyer Esqr., B. A., Registrar, University of Mysore, Mysore.
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* 9. Dr. Ganganath Jha, M. A. D.Litt., Vice-Chancellor, University of Allahabad, Allahabad.
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10. Prof. K. Subramanyam Pillay, M. A. M. L., Law College, Madras.
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* 11. Prof. S. Radhakrishnan, M. A., Professor of Philosophy, University of Calcutta, Calcutta.
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* 12. Prof. R. D. Ranade, M. A., Director of the Academy of Philosophy and Religion, Poona Branch, Poona.
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* 13. Dr. Brajedranath Seal, M. A. Ph. D. D. Sc., Vice-Chancellor University of Mysore, Mysore, Chairman.
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14. Prof. Kuppuswami Shastri, M. A., Professor of Sanskrit, Presidency College, Madras.
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15. Prof. E. A. Wodehouse, M. A., Professor of English, Deccan College, Poona.
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16. Prof. R. Zimmermann, S. J., Ph. D., Professor of Sanskrit, St. Xavier's College, Bombay.
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It has been decided to bring out the Series at as early a date as possible; but, a period, say, of about ten years, may safely be predicted for the publication of the entire series. More information about the Encyclopaedic History of Indian Philosophy, or about the Academy of Philosophy and Religion, can be had from the Director of the Academy of Philosophy and Religion, Poona Branch, Poona.