The Doctrine of the Jainas, Described after the Old Sources c10.32

c10.32

§142. By force of the fifth vow (§171) the monk is unpropertied. The objects he needs do not pass for *pariggaha*; he uses them and has them for himself for reasons of piety and decency (Dasav. 6, 20f.). He receives them as alms, but he may not ask for them except within an orbit not exceeding 1-2 *joy*. (Āyār. II 96, 10; 102. 5), nor may he accept them other than in bright daylight (K. 1, 45f.). It goes without saying that he is forbidden to buy, to borrow, to barter or, least of all, to steal them (comp. Nis. 14, 1-4; 18, 21-24; 16, 25-29). The outfit (*bhaṇḍaga* Āyār. II 54, 18. 21) comprises with novices¹ in the beginning three (with females four) unintended garments, a hand-broom, an alms-bowl and a brush (*rayaharaṇa-paḍiggaha-gocchaga* K. 3, 15f.). After his being admitted the novice has as few and as bad clothes (*ahā-pariggahiya*) as may be the case. The common formula *vattha, pāya, kambala, pāya-pumchaṇa* (e.g. K. 1, 39-41; Āyār. I 32, 26f.; Dasav. 6, 20) has a cloth instead of the brush. Neither sequence means to be exhaustive since also other objects (*s.b.*) are being quoted. In making allowance for the accessories of the alms-bowl Ohaṇijj. 668 ff. (comp. also a.o. Ācār. 251a) quotes 12 or 14 different parts for the monk and 25 for the nun. The former difference explains itself by the discrimination made between *jiṇakappiya* and *therakappiya*. They are two of the six stages (*kappa-ṭṭhii*, K. 6, 14—Ṭhāṇ. 167b; 371b; § 136) pertaining to the career of a monk. While the *therakappa* stands for the traditional membership of a gaccha, the monk of the *jiṇa-k.* of his own free will stands outside it living for himself and observing certain rules (comp. Sthān. 169a). This certainly goes back to the idea of imitating the *jiṇa* which, however, is no longer intact at the time of our sources, since acc. to them the *jiṇakappiya* wears clothes (s.b.).