The Doctrine of the Jainas, Described after the Old Sources c10.63

c10.63

His behaviour towards the teacher is determined by the vinaya. According to Uvav. 30 II; Ṭhāṇ. 407b the vinaya concerns both something abstract and concrete to a wide extent; as deference, reverence and respect it is of a positive quality, whereas as restraint from and rejection of bad profane things (apasattha) it is negative. The way how to deport himself, and especially so in front of his teacher and master, is plastically demonstrated by Dasav. 9. The tribute externally paid to him is the vandana which has been given its place also among the resp. formulae necessary (āvassaya, § 151)¹ It comprises two bows accompanied by a certain phrase as well as by certain movements and it has to be performed in the monk's normal outfit. This is obligatory for some acts, especially so for the act of confession and during instruction, and, what is more, four or, resp., three times, though it may equally be exercised on other occasions. LEUMANN Übersicht p. 11 ff. refers to it in detail by the name of the kiikamma which acc. to Āv. 12, comp. also Samav. 21 b, means the same.