The Doctrine of the Jainas, Described after the Old Sources c7.s2.23

c7.s2.23

1. The narrower and wider circles (*maṇḍala*) formed by the 2 suns around Mount Meru according to the seasons. 8 *pad.*, of which the 4th, 5th, 6th, and 8th have 3 up to 8 *paḍivatti*. Possibly this *pāhuḍa* is the Maṇḍalappavesa in the list of *aṅgabāhira* texts (§ 40). 2. The horizontal way of either sun through the quarters of the compass (8 *pad.*), their transition from one circle over to the next (2 *pad.*), the distance covered by one sun during 1 *muhutta* (4 *pad.*). 3. The range illuminated by both sun and moon (12 *pad.*). 4. The figure (*saṃṭhāna*) formed by the bright light (*seyā*) of both suns and moons above the earth and upon it (12 *pad.* each, of which the first is accepted). 5. The atoms of the Mandara (sic) are impervious (*paḍihannanti*) to the light of the sun (20 *pad.* exclusively due to the 20 names of the Mandara). 6. The time in which the power of the sun's rays remains constant (25 *pad.* according to the resp. time measured). 7=5, only *varayanti* instead of *paḍihananti* (20 *pad.*). 8. The course of the sun in relation to day, night and other earthly time measures (*udaya-saṃṭhāna*) (3 *pad.*). 9. How the earth-temperature is effected by the sun (3 *pad.*).² The length of the shadow (*porisicchāyā*) depends on the hight and the light of the sun (25, 2, and 96 *pad.*, the latter on the ground of opinions that the shadow has the length of 1, 2 up to 96 *aṅguli*. The truth is that in the first and the last moment of the day it measures 59 *pad.* and a fraction). The shadow has 25 names according to shape