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The Doctrine of the Jainas, Described after the Old Sources c7.s3: The Paiṇṇas

The Doctrine of the Jainas, Described after the Old Sources c7.s3

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English

The Paiṇṇas

c7.s3.1

§50. The number of the Paiṇṇas varies, but, as mentioned in § 40, we find a central group or core. It consists of 10 of them. Since these have no standard order we are justified to deal with them in an order suitable to their contents. There will be added a few works that surround the centre group in a wider circle.

c7.s3.2

*Editions*: Dasapayannā mūla sūtra. Ben. 1886, containing: Tand., Dev., Gaṇiv., Caus., Saṃth., Aurapacc., Bhattap., Mahāpacc., Cand., Maraṇavibhatti.—Payannā samgrah. Bhāg 1. Ahm. s. 1962, containing: Bhattap., Caus., Mahāpacc., Aurapacc., Ārādhaṇāprakaraṇa by Somasūri, Ātmabhāvanā (Guj.) by Buddhisāgara, Paramānandapacīsī (25 Skt.-śl.).—Śrī Caus., Aurapacc., Bhaktaparijñā, Saṃthāraga. Cār payaṇṇāo samgrah. Bh. s. 1966.—Catuḥśaraṇ'ādi-Maraṇasamadhyantaṃ prakīrṇaka-daśakam. (Āg. S.) Bo. s. 1983, containing: Caus., Aurapacc., Mahāpacc., Bhattap., Tand., Saṃth., Gacchāyāra, Gaṇiv., Dev., Maraṇasamāhi.—Caus. and Aurap. along with other texts, Ahm. s. 1957.—Vividh Payaṇṇavacūri, Jām. 1912.

c7.s3.3

Five out of the ten disciplinary Painṇas mentioned above have been dealt with by VON KAMPTZ.¹ They are partly interrelated with each other and their context has suffered from misconceptions. Here we restrict ourselves to but a few remarks regarding the essential contents.

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¹ Über die vom Sterbefasten handelnden älteren Painṇas des Jaina-Kanons. (Thesis.) Hamburg 1929.

c7.s3.5

Causaraṇa. "The Recourse to the Four", i.e. to the Arhats, the Siddhas, the Sādhus, and the Dharma. 63 G. Comm.: Bhuvanatunga Sūri. Avacūri on the Caus. and the subsequent texts by Guṇaratna.

c7.s3.6

Bhattapariṇṇā. The ritual for the "Renunciation of Food". 172 G.

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Samthāra. "The Death Bed". Preparations, ritual, legends. 123 G. Comm.: Bhuvanatunga.

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Aurapaccakkhāṇa. "The Renunciation of the Sick" as to all that is evil, his preparation for death. 70 G. along with a formula of confession containing a list of 63 objects.

c7.s3.9

Mahāpaccakkhāṇa. "The Greater Renunciation" 141 G. instead of 70. Here we add the Maraṇasamāhi or Maraṇavibhatti, 660 G., with three more in the ed. quoted above. In them the anonymous author appears to confess having used "the Maraṇavisohi, the Samlehaṇāsuya, the Bhattap., the Aurapacc., the Mahāpacc., and the Ārāhaṇāpainṇa". The first as well as the second of these texts belong to the anga-bāhira.

c7.s3.10

Candavijjhaya. "Hitting the Mark" (candraka-vedhyaka=vedhya-candraka, Cand. 127 ff.; Aurapacc. 54; Samth. 122 caṇḍaga-vijjha). On monastic discipline, the virtues (guṇa) of a teacher and of a pupil in education (niggaha) through discipline, knowledge, practice, and in dying. 171 G., the first of which, since it refers to the Tand., most certainly is out of place here.

c7.s3.11

Gaṇivijjā. "A Gaṇin's Knowledge" as to the dates either propitious or not for anything planned in monastic life. 9 dāra: natural days, tithis, nakṣatras, karaṇas, days of the planets, muhūrtas, bird-omina, constellations, more omina. 82 v., śl. and G. at equal parts.

c7.s3.12

Tandulaveyāliya, so called after a calculation (vicāra) as to how many grains of rice (taṇḍula) a normal individual would consume in the course of 100 (years) times 360 (days) times 30 (hours) times 3773 (breaths). (They would fill 22 1/2 vaha.). A jumble of prose, G. and śl. of varying origin. Embryology, the human stages of life, the duration of life in remote times (including a description as to the bodies of Arhats, Cakravartins, etc.) and nowadays when the maximum age comes upto not more than 100 years (s. a.). Measures of capacity and of time. The parts of the body, the quantity of fluids contained by a human being, the body as an impure mass. A contemptuous description of the mothers, mostly laid down in comparisons and etymologies.

c7.s3.13

Ed. s.a. The text along with Vijayavimala's Vṛtti and the Caus. DLJF 59, Bo. 1922.—The text with transl. in Guj. by HIRĀLĀL Hamsraj. Jāmnagar without year.

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Devindatthaya. A layman commencing to praise (thaya) Vardhamāna (Mahāvīra) is interrupted by his wife the moment he mentions the devinda, the woman asking him to explain the meaning of the word to her. By way of personal information he systematically treats the 20+16+12 Bhavana-vāsi, Vāṇamantara, Joisiya, and Vemāṇiya kings as to their seats, duration of their lives and faculties, moreover reporting on the Vemāṇiyas also as to their size, sexuality, etc. 302 G.

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Viratthaya. A stotra of Mahāvīra whose various names are listed in 43 G.

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As to the Titthogāli and the Ārahaṇapadagā which occasionally appear among the Païṇṇas the AUTHOR has come to know them through manuscripts as abstracts of the entire teaching (1233 G. and 930 G.).

Cites (11)