Mathematics in Ancient and Medieval India c5.s9.4

c5.s9.4

The other Indian scholars namely, Mahāvīra, Śrīdhara, Āryabhaṭa II, Bhāskara II, Kamalākara etc. have given the same method of extracting square root.¹ Āryabhaṭa I divides the number whose square-root is to be determined into *varga* (square) and *avarga* (non-square) places-respectively from right, while the other scholars have divided it into *sama* and *viṣama* places from right. The rule can be explained from the following illustration by putting ☐ and - marks against square and non-square places. Modern method of square root extraction is also given side by side for the purpose of comparison.