Mathematics in Ancient and Medieval India c9.34

c9.34

P. C. Sengupta¹ has show that Mūñjāla and his commentator Prasastidhara were aware of the fact that the tabular differences of ‘sines’ for any given value of the arc are proportional to the cosines. This seems to suggest that Bhāskara II’s result in this connection was anticipated by some few centuries ago by Muñjāla, though no clear statement was given by the latter, as to how it was arrived. It might however be pointed out here that even earlier than that, Brahmagupta (620 A. D.) as acknowledged by Bhāskara II himself calculated the average velocity of the planet Mars based on instantaneous motion.