History of Technology in India, Vol. I: From Antiquity to c. 1200 A.D. v1.c27.s3.t5.11

v1.c27.s3.t5.11

The good, medium and inferior breeds of horses were also recognised on the basis of their Janamadeśa, i.e. the country of their origin. The good horses were supposed to come from deśa (country) like Jajikaḥ (Arab), Pārasikaḥ (Persia), Kekkana (Konkana, a strip of land between Sahyādri and the sea) and from Prastha (not yet identified). The horses born in Tura (Turkey), Kira (Kashmir), Bhuruṣṭa (Bhṛgukaccha, probably modern Bharouch in Maharashtra), Bhāṇḍa (not identified), the hills of Sindhu and Sārasvata, were considered medium. Those from Sambhala (Sambal Moradabad, also a name of Birdhist Bactriana), Kusa (possibly Tamilnadu) and Jaṭādeśa (not identified) were considered to be inferior.