The Science of the Shulba: A Study in Early Hindu Geometry c24.1

c24.1

*Abhyantara-viśeṣa*, 197n. *Agni*, 27, 30 *et seq.*, 39-40, 60n-61n, 120, 152; Enlargement of, 158 *et seq.* (See *Kāmya Agni*, and *Ekaśata-vidha Agni*). *Agni-cayana*, 28, 29. *Agni-cit*, 28, 28n. *Āgnīdhrīya*, 34, 42. *Āhavanīya*, 21, 27, 203 *et seq.*; Altar of, 21, 31. *Alaja*, 23. Algebra, Early history, 165; Geometrical, 165 *et seq.*; Problems of, in ancient India, 2. Al-Khowārizmī, 111n. Allman, 111. Altar, 2, 20 *et seq.*; Science of construction, 164; date of the science, 29; geometry traced in, 30. (See Falcon-shaped Altar, Fire Altar, and Vedic Altar). *Aṁsa*, 212. Āpastamba, Authority mentioned, 26-27; Bürk’s edition, 20; Commentaries of, 10, 13, 19; *Śrauta-sūtra* of, 1, 13, 25n, 29; *Śulba-sūtra* of 3-4, 13, 25; -*Sūtra-paribhāṣā*, 13. *Āpastambīya Śulba-bhāṣya*, 10. *Āraṇyaka*, 25. *Ardha-daśama*, 213. *Ardha-navama*, 213. *Ardhyā*, 44. Area, combination, 71 *et seq.*; To draw a square equal to, *n* times a given square, 71-74; *n*th part of a given square, 74-76; sum and difference of two given squares, 76-80; two given pentagons. 80-82; two given triangles, 80; Definition of, 95; Problems of, in ancient India, 2; Transformation of, 83 *et seq.*; square, from isosceles triangle, 92-93, from rectangle, 83-85, from rhombus, 94, into rectangle, 85-90, square and rectangle, into isosceles trapezium, 90-92, into rhombus, 93-94, into triangle, 92. (See also Measures.) Āryabhaṭa I, 16, 18. *Āryabhaṭīya*, 16. *Aṣṭadaśa-karaṇī*, 188. *Aṣṭa-vidha*, 170. *Aśvamedha-vedi*, 34, 152 *et seq.*, 162 *et seq.* *Aśvamedhika Agni*, 172-73. *Aśvamedhikī-vedi*, 107, 188. *Atharva-veda*, schools of, 1n.