History of Hindu Mathematics: A Source Book v1.c8.s15.t1.8

v1.c8.s15.t1.8

“In addition cipher makes the sum equal to the additive. In involution and evolution the result is cipher. A number divided by zero is *kha-hara* (that number with zero as denominator). The product of (a number and) zero is zero, but it must be retained as a multiple of zero (*kha-guṇa*), if any further operations impend. Zero having become a multiplier (of a number), should zero afterwards become a divisor, the number must be understood to be unchanged. So likewise any number, to which zero is added, or from which it is subtracted (is unaltered).”¹