Indian Science and Technology in the Eighteenth Century: Some Contemporary European Accounts c13.82

c13.82

28. *Nrisinha* on *Sur.* *Ganesa* pref. to *Grah. lagh.*
29. *As. Res.* 2. 235, 242, and 244; and Note H.
30. Brahmegupta, Ch.11. The names are *Audayaca* from *Udaya* rising; and *Ardharatrica* from *Ardharatri*, midnight. The third school is noticed by Bhattotpala the scholiast of Varahamihira, under the denomination of *Madhyandinas*, as alleging the commencement of the astronomical period at noon: (from *Madhyandina*, mid-day.)
31. The *Sanscrit t*, it is to be remembered, is the character of a peculiar sound often mistaken for *r*, and which the Arabs were likely so to write, rather than with a *te* or with a *tau*. The Hindi *t* is generally written by the English in India with an *r*. Example: *Ber (vata)*, the Indian fig. vulg. Banian tree.
32. See notes I, K, and N.
33. Surya-dasa on *Vija-Ganita*, Ch.5.
34. Note I.
35. (Not indicated in original; probably as in 34: *Editor*)
36. See before and note F.
37. Note K.
38. See before and note E.
39. Pococke’s edition and translation, p.89.
40. *Vija-ganita* § 4.
41. The sign of equality was first used by Robert Recorde, because, as he says, no two things can be more equal than a pair of parallels, or *gemowe* lines of one length. *Hutton*.
42. The signs of relative magnitude were first introduced into European algebra by Harriot.
43. *Vija-ganita* § 21.
44. *Lil.* § 33.
45. *Vija-ganita* and *Brahm.* 18, *passim*.
46. *Vija-ganita* § 55.
47. *Vija-ganita* § 17. *Brahm.* c. 18, § 2.
48. *Vija-ganita* Ch.6.
49. *Vija-ganita* § 111.
50. *Vija-ganita* § 146.
51. *Lil.* § 26.
52. *Vija-ganita* § 29.
53. *Vija-ganita* § 17.
54. Stevinus in like manner included fractions in coefficients.
55. Vieta did so likewise. *Transliterated from the original Greek letters: Editor.*
56. A word of nearly the same import with the *Sanscrit dhana*, wealth, used by Hindu algebraists for the same signification. 56a. Def. 9. (Reference not legible in text: *Editor*)
57. *As. Res.* 12. 183.
58. Or Pacioli, Paciuolo,—LI, & c. For the name is variously written by Italian authors.
59. See Note L.
60. *Viaggi*, 2nd Edit. vol.2, p.62.
61. Cossali, *Origine dell’Algebra*, i.
62. Robert Recorde’s Whetstone of Witte.