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The Materia Medica of the Hindus, compiled from Sanskrit Medical Works c5.s12.t9: Holarrhena Antidysenterica, R. Br.

The Materia Medica of the Hindus, compiled from Sanskrit Medical Works c5.s12.t9

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Holarrhena Antidysenterica, R. Br.

c5.s12.t9.1

Sans. कुटज, Kuṭaja, कालिङ्ग, Kálinga. Vern. Kurchi, Beng. Kureyá, Kaureyá, Hind.

c5.s12.t9.2

The bark of Holarrhena antidysenterica constitutes the principal medicine for dysentery in the Hindu Pharmacopœia. Before the discovery of the efficacy of ipecacuana in this disease, many chronic cases which did not get well under European medical treatment, used to be cured by the Kavirajes, by their preparations of this bark. The seeds called Indrayava in Sanskrit and Indrajav in the vernacular, are also used in medicine, they being regarded as astringent, febrifuge and useful in fever, dysentery, diarrhœa, and intestinal worms.

c5.s12.t9.3

The bark of Holarrhena antidysenterica is administered in a variety of ways. The expressed juice of the bark is given with honey.² A fluid extract of the bark is given with the addition of ginger and átis.³ A compound decoction called Kuṭajáshṭaka is thus prepared. Take of kuṭaja bark, átis, root of Stephania hernandifolia (páthá), flowers of Woodfordia floribunda (dhátaki), bark of Symplocos racemosa (lodhra), root of Pavonia odorata (bálá), rind of pomegranate fruit, and the tubers of Cyperus rotundus (mustaka), quarter tolá each, water thirty two tolas; boil together till reduced to one-fourth.¹

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² स्थलबिल्विकापत्र रसः पानाद्यपोहति। सर्वातिसारानुश्योनाककुटजत्वमसोयवा। शार्ङ्गधरः।

c5.s12.t9.5

³ कुटजत्वक्कृतः कायो घनीभूतः सुशीतलः। लोहितोऽतिविषायुक्तः सर्वातीसारनुद्भवेत्। चक्रदत्तः।

c5.s12.t9.6

¹ कुटजातिविषा पाठा धातकी लोध्र मुस्तकैः । ह्रीवेर दाडिमयुतैः कृतः क्वाथः समाक्षिकः । पेयोमोचरसेनैव कुटजाष्टकसंज्ञकः । अतीसारान् जयेदाशु रक्तमूलामदुस्तरान् । शार्ङ्गधरः ।

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Kuṭajaleha² or confection of kuṭaja bark. Take of kuṭaja bark twelve seers and a half, water sixty-four seers; boil down to sixteen seers and strain. Boil the strained decoction till reduced to a thick consistence, then add sonchal salt, yavakshára, vit salt, rock salt, long pepper, flowers of Woodfordia floribunda (dhátaki), indrayava seeds and cumin seeds, each sixteen tolas, in fine powder, and prepare a confection. Dose, about a drachm with honey in chronic and acute dysentery.

c5.s12.t9.8

² कुटजलेहः । शतं कुटजमूलस्यचूर्ण तोयार्मणे पचेत् । काथे पादावशेषे-स्मिन् लेहं पुते पुनः पचेत् । सौवर्चलं यवक्षारं विडसैन्धव पिप्पली । धात-कीन्द्रयवाजाजी चूर्ण दत्त्वापलद्वयम् । निष्कादपरमात्रां तत् शीतं क्षौद्रेणसंयु-तम् । पक्कापक्कमतीसारं नानावर्णं सवेदनम् । दुर्व्वारं ग्रहणीरोगं जयेच्चैव-प्रवाहिकाम् । चक्रदत्तः ।

c5.s12.t9.9

Paṭhádya churna.³ Take of the root of Stephania hernandifolia, fruit of Ægle Marmelos (vilva), plumbago root, long pepper, black pepper, ginger, bark of Eugenia Jambolana, rind of pomegranate fruit, flowers of Woodfordia floribunda (dhátaki), root of Picrorrhiza Kurroa (kaṭuki), átis, tubers of Cyperus rotundus (mustaka), wood of Berberis Asiatica (dárvi), chiretá, seeds of Holarrhena antidysenterica (indrayava), one part each, kuṭaja bark, equal in weight to all the above ingredients; powder them finely and mix. Dose, about one to two scruples to be taken with rice-water and honey. Another compound powder called *Gangádhara churna*, is of similar composition to the above, with a few additional substances.

c5.s12.t9.10

³ पाठाद्यं चूर्णम् । पाठा बिल्वानल व्योष जम्बू दाडिमधातकी । कटुकाति-विषासुस्त दार्बी भूनिम्भवत्सकैः । सव्वैरेतैः समं चूर्ण कौटजं तुण्डुलाम्बुना । सक्षौद्रञ्च पिबेच्छार्द्ध ज्वरातिस रम्मुखवान् । ह्यद्गुल्मग्रहणीदोषारोचकान्-बसादजित् । चक्रदत्तः ।

c5.s12.t9.11

*Kuṭajáriṣṭa*,¹ or fermented liquor of *kuṭaja*. Take of *kuṭaja* root-bark, twelve seers and a half, raisins, six seers and a quarter, flowers of *Bassia latifolia* (*madhuka*), and bark of *Gmelina arborea* (*gambhári*), eighty tolás each; boil them together in two hundred and fifty-six seers of water, till reduced to sixty-four seers, and strain. Then add flowers of *Woodfordia floribunda* (*dhátaki*), two seers and a half, treacle twelve seers and a half, and let the mixture ferment for a month, after which it will be ready for use. Dose, one to three ounces.

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¹ कुटजारिष्टः। तुलांकुटजमूलस्य षट्‌का‌र्द्धतुलांस्तथा। मधूकपुष्पका‌र्द्धस्य भीगा‌र्द्धपलोन्मितान्। चतुर्द्रोणेऽम्भसःपक्त्वाकाथयेत्द्रोणशेषिते। धातक्या विंशतिपलं गुडस्य च तुलां क्षिपेत्। मासमात्रं स्थितोभाण्डे कुटजारिष्टसंज्ञकः। ज्वरान्प्रशमयेत्सर्वान् कुर्यात्त्रीक्ष्ण धनञ्जयम्। शार्ङ्गधरः।

c5.s12.t9.13

An oil for external application called *Grahanimihira taila* is prepared with sesasum oil, decoction of *kuṭaja* bark and a number of astringent and aromatic substances in small quantities.

c5.s12.t9.14

*Pradarári lauha*.² Take of *kuṭaja* bark, twelve seers and a half and prepare a fluid extract as in the preparation called *kuṭajaleha*, above described. Then add the following substances in fine powder, namely, gum of *Bombax Malabaricum* (*mocharasa*), Indian madder, root of *Stephania hernandifolia*, (*páthá*), bela fruit, tubers of *Cyperus rotundus* (*mustaka*), flowers of *Woodfordia floribunda* (*dhátaki*), *átis*, prepared talc and iron, each eight tolás, mix them intimately and prepare a confection. Dose, about a drachm. This preparation is given in menorrhagia and other discharges from the uterus.

c5.s12.t9.15

² प्रदरारिलौहं। वत्सकत्वचं सम्यक् जलद्रोणे विपाचयेत्। अष्टभागावशिष्टन्तु कषायमवतारयेत्। वस्त्रपते घनीभूते द्रव्यानीमानि दापयेत्। समङ्गाधाल्मलं पाठा बिल्वं मुस्तञ्चधातकी। अतिविषा रुषा व्योमं लौहं प्रत्येकंतुलपलं। कोलमात्रां प्रयुञ्जीत कुभमूलं पयोऽनु। श्वेतंरक्तं तथानीलं पीतं प्रदरदुस्तरं। कुक्षिशूलं कटीशूलं देहशूलञ्चसर्व्वगं। प्रदरारिरयं लौहोहन्तिरोगान् सुदुस्तरान्। आयुःपुष्टिकरञ्चैव बलवर्णाग्निवर्द्धनः। भैषज्यरत्नावली।

c5.s12.t9.16

The seeds of *Holarrhena antidysenterica* enter into the composition of a good many prescriptions for fever, bowel complaints, piles, intestinal worms, etc. The following are a few illustrations Take of indrayava seeds and the tubers of *Cyperus rotundus* (*mustaka*), each four tolas, rub them into a paste with water and boil in one seer of water, till the latter is reduced to one-fourth. This boiled emulsion is given in doses of about a half to one ounce with honey.¹

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¹ सुस्तकेन्द्रयवैः सिद्धा प्रमया दिपलोन्मिता। सुगीता मधुसंयुक्ता रक्तातीसारनाशिनी। शार्ङ्गधरः।

c5.s12.t9.18

*Laghu gangadhara churna*.² Take of indrayava seeds, tubers of *Cyperus rotundus*, (*mustaka*), bela fruit, bark of *Symplocos racemosa* (*lodhra*), gum of *Bombax Malabaricum* (*mocharasa*), and flowers of *Woodfordia floribunda* (*dhataki*) equal parts; powder and mix. Dose, about a drachm with butter-milk and treacle, in various sorts of bowel complaints.

c5.s12.t9.19

² लघुगङ्गाधरचूर्णम्। सुस्तमिन्द्रयवं विल्वं लोध्रं मोचरसन्तथा। धातकी चूर्णयेत्तच्च गुडाभ्यां पाययेत् सुधीः। सर्वातीसारशमनं निरुणद्धिप्रवाहिकास्। लघुगङ्गाधरं नामचूर्ण संज्ञाकं परम्। शार्ङ्गधरः।

c5.s12.t9.20

ICHNOCARPUS FRUTESCENS. *Sans.* सारिवा, *Sárivá*. *Vern.* *Shyámalatá*. The properties of the roots of this plant are said to be identical with those of *Hemidesmus Indicus*. These two drugs are often used in combination under the designation of *Sárivádvaya*, (see next article).

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NAT. ORDER ASCLEPIADEÆ.

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