The Classical Doctrine of Indian Medicine: Its Origins and its Greek Parallels c9.20

c9.20

*asán* (n): blood (*AV*, Cl.). *ásu* (m): vital breath. *ásṛj* (n): blood. *asthán*, *ásthi* (n): bone. At the end of a compound—*astha*. *āṇi* (m): In *RV*, “pin of the axle”, but a prehistoric meaning of “knee” is proposed for the Indo-European by comparison (E. Benveniste, *Origines de la formation des noms en indoeuropéen*, p. 105): now *āṇi* in Suśruta (*Śār.*, VI, 28) denotes a vulnerable point (*marman*) constituted manifestly by popliteal sciatica after their division above the articulation of the knee. *āṇḍá* (n, dual): testicle. *ātmán* (m): (a) breath, soul, pneumatic entity; (b) body (in opposition to limbs) (*VS*, Cl.). *āná* (m): (a) mouth (*RV*, Sāy.: nose; cf., Cl. *ānana*); (b) breath (cf., *aná*) in *udāna*, *vyāna*, *samāna* from *AV*., rare Cl. *ānatá* (n): region of the neck (Sāy., *TS*, *KS*). *āntrá* (n, pl.): entrails, small intestine. *ās* (n?): mouth (*RV*). *āsán* (n): mouth (*V*). *āsyá* (n): mouth. *ikṣu* (m): lower eye-lashes (*VS*, *MS*, *TS*). *irmá* (n): front-foot of animal (*AV*). *uchalakhá*: dual, hapax (?) (*AV*). *utá* (n): eyebrows (*VS*, *MS*, *KS*, *Br.*). *uttarahanu*: cf., *hánu*. *utsādá* (m): protuberance (from the body of an animal) (*YV*). *udára* (n): abdomen. *udaryá* (n): flesh of the stomach (*YV*). *udāna* (m): breath directed upwards (*V*. except *RV*, Cl.). —*udhan*: cf., under *ūdhan*. *upapakṣa* (m): side (*TS*). *upás* (m): *upástha* (*RV*). *upástha* (m, n): genital organs (chiefly feminine)—“that which is held below”, “foundation” (*VS*, *MS*, *KS*, *Br.* *RV*): figurative use supposing the sense of “lap”, “bosom” (I, 146-1: *pitrór upásthe,* in the bosom of his parents”). *uras* (n): chest. *ulba* (n): embryonic membranes (later Vedic: amnios, cf., *Kumāratantra*, p. 35).