Studies in the Medicine of Ancient India, Part I: Osteology, or the Bones of the Human Body c7.s2.t3.1

c7.s2.t3.1

1. *Uras* or *vakṣas*, breast, chest; *pārśva*, region of the ribs; *pārśvaka* or *parśuka*, rib. The organs denoted by these terms, which are common to all three writers, Ātreya-Charaka, Suśruta, and Vāgbhaṭa I, form three sides of the thoracic cage (*pañjara*), the fourth side being formed by the *pṛṣṭha*, or back. The four sides of the thoracic cage are made up thus: the back by the thoracic vertebrae, which are included in the term *pṛṣṭha*, back (§ 58); the two sides by the ribs, denoted by the term *pārśvaka* or *parśuka* (§ 57), and the front, by the sternum and costal cartilages, which are jointly denoted by the term *uras* or *vakṣas*, breast.