Indian Mathematics c8.2

c8.2

20. Besides the subjects already mentioned BRAHMAGUPTA deals very briefly with the ordinary arithmetical operations, square and cube-root, rule of three, etc. ; interest, mixtures of metals, arithmetical progressions, sums of the squares of natural numbers ; geometry as already described but also including elementary notions of the circle ; elementary mensuration of solids, shadow problems, negative and positive qualities, cipher, surds, simple algebraic identities ; indeterminate equations of the first and second degree, which occupy the greater portion of the work, and simple equations of the first and second degrees which receive comparatively but little attention.