A History of Indian Medical Literature v1.c23.206

v1.c23.206

(2.3);⁵¹ their aetiology and pathogenesis (2.4); the anatomical position of the anal region (guda); the three folds (vali) found in it, called pravāhaṇī, visarjanī and saṃvaraṇī; their position, shape and colour;⁵² the position of the anal lip (gudaṣṭha) and the distance of the first fold from the anal lip (2.5–7);⁵³ the general prodromes,⁵⁴ which, when the haemorrhoids have arisen, develop into symptoms (2.8–9); the characteristics and symptoms of haemorrhoids caused by vāta, pitta, kapha, blood, and concerted action of the doṣas (2.10–14);⁵⁵ the characteristics and symptoms of congenital haemorrhoids (2.15);⁵⁶ features determining the prognosis (2.16);⁵⁷ fleshy growths resembling haemorrhoids occurring in other regions of the body:⁵⁸ the penis,⁵⁹ female genitals,⁶⁰ umbilical region,⁶¹ ears, eyes, nose, and mouth⁶² (2.17); warts (carmakīla) (2.18);⁶³ features of warts associated with the doṣas and blood (2.19–20);⁶⁴ the six types of haemorrhoids caused by two doṣas (2.22);⁶⁵ the prognosis of haemorrhoids dependent on the doṣas involved (2.23–24);⁶⁶ a serious type of haemorrhoids (2.25–26).