A History of Indian Medical Literature v1.c23.367

v1.c23.367

Chapter twenty-two is devoted to the treatment of diseases of the mouth, oral cavity and throat (mukharoga). ¹⁸⁹ It deals with the following subjects: the treatment of curable diseases of the lips: oṣṭhakopa due to vāta (22.3–5), pitta, blood, a trauma (22.6), kapha (22.7–8), or medas (22.9); the treatment of the diseases of the roots of the teeth and the gums: ¹⁹⁰ śītāda (22.11–12), ¹⁹¹ dantapuppuṭaka (22.13–14ab), ¹⁹² dantaveṣṭa (22.14cd–16ab), ¹⁹³ śauṣira (22.16cd–18ab), ¹⁹⁴ paridara (22.18cd), upakuśa (22.19–21), ¹⁹⁵ dantavaidarbha (22.22), ¹⁹⁶ adhikadanta (22.23), ¹⁹⁷ adhimāṃsa (22.24–25), ¹⁹⁸ and dantanāḍī (dental sinuses) (22.26–33ab); ¹⁹⁹ the extraction of teeth ²⁰⁰ from the lower jaw (22.27); the extraction of teeth from the upper jaw (22.29cd–31ab); ²⁰¹ the treatment of curable diseases of the teeth: dantaharṣa (22.34–36ab), ²⁰² dantaśarkarā (22.36cd–37), ²⁰³ kapā- likā (22.38ab), 204 kṛmidantaka205 (22.38cd–41ab), 206 and hanumokṣa; hanumokṣa requires the same measures as ardita (22.41cd);207 dietary rules for patients with dental diseases (22.42); the treatment of curable diseases of the tongue: kaṇṭaka due to vāta (22.44), pitta (22.45), and kapha (22.46–47), upajihvā (22.48); the treatment of diseases of the palate, beginning with galaśuṇḍikā (22.49cd–56); tuṇḍikerī, adhruṣa, kūrma,208 māṃsasaṃghāta and tālupuppuṭa are to be treated like galaśuṇḍikā, in particular with the surgical measures described with regard to that disease (22.57); the treatment of tālupāka and tāluśoṣa (22.58); the treatment of diseases of the throat: rohiṇī in general, rohiṇī due to vāta, pitta, kapha (22.59cd–64ab), kaṇṭhaśālūka (22.64cd–65ab), adhijihvikā, to be treated in the same way as upajihvikā (22.65cd), ekavṛnda (22.66ab), gilāyu (22.66cd), and galavidradhi (22.67ab); the treatment of sarvasara caused by vāta (22.67cd–68); a recipe for a dhūma (fumigation) useful in sarvasara (22.69–71); the treatment of sarvasara caused by pitta (22.72) and kapha (22.73–75); some prescriptions against sarvasara (22.76); the enumeration of the nineteen incurable mukharogas, which may be treated after giving due warning that full recovery cannot be expected; these diseases are: oṣṭhaprakopa (inflammation of the lips) due to māṃsa, blood and all the three doṣas together; sinuses (gati) of the gums (dantamūla) due to the three doṣas, and śauṣira; the diseases of the teeth called śyāva(dantaka), dālana and bhañjana; the tongue disease called alasa; the disease of the palate called arbuda; the throat diseases called svaraghna, valaya, vṛnda, vidārī, alasa, galaugha, māṃsatāna, śataghnī, and rohiṇī (22.77–81).