A History of Indian Medical Literature v2.c33.184

v2.c33.184

311 This applies particularly to dreams dreamt in the first yāma of the night. Compare Ca. I.5.45ab, where dreams seen in the first part of the night are said to have no major effects. 312 Cf. Ca.I.4; Bhela I.7. 313 See on chāyā: Ca.I.7.9–17; Su.Sū.4.4. Chāyā is an aspect of one’s complexion. 314 These types of chāyā belong to the normal range and do not have any prognostic meaning if constantly present; the vāyavī chāyā, which is śyāvā or aruṇā (= lohitikā), forms an exception and is thought to lead to affliction (kleśa), even if normally present. See Ca.I.7.10–13 (with Cakra’s comments) and the comments of Cakra and Dalhaṇa ad Su.Sū.31.3. 315 Cf. Ca.I.11.6–7. 316 Cf. Ca.I.1.23; 8.12. 317 Cf. Ca.I.1.22; 3.6; 8.13. 318 Cf. Ca.I.8.14. 319 Cf. Ca.I.8.10–11. 320 Cf. Ca.I.3.6; 8.5 and 9.3. 321 Cf. Ca.I.3.6; 8.4, 6, 8–9. 322 Cf. Ca.I.8.21. 323 Cf. Ca.I.7.19. 324 Abnormal types of respiration mentioned are chinnochvāsa (a repeatedly interrupted breathing, probably a respiration of the Cheyne-Stokes type, which indeed points to the approach of death) and kākocchvāsa (breathing with open mouth according to Dalhaṇa). Cf. Ca.I.3.6; 7.25–26; 8.15. 325 Cf. Ca.I.11.24. 326 Interpreted as oesophageal regurgitation or a hiatus hernia by G.D. Singhal c.s. Compare Su.U.58.7–8. Cf. Ca.I.10.4. 327 Cf. Ca.I.6.12. 328 Compare Su.Sū.31.26 and Ca.I.11.4, Su.Sū.31.25 and Ca.I.2.11–16. 329 Several of these signs are found scattered over a number of chapters of the Indriyasthāna of the Carakasaṃhitā; compare Ca.I.1.26; 3.4; 7.21 and 22; 8.9 and 24; 9.18; 11.8, 11, 12, 14, 17; 12.3. Noteworthy are Suśruta’s references to astrology; retrograde (vakra and anuvakra) movements of planets (graha) are mentioned, unlucky positions (garḥitasthāna) of these heavenly bodies, etc.; the term horā is employed. Compare on (anu)vakragati of planets: Bṛhatsaṃhitā 47.13 and 97.1–3 (with Bhaṭṭotpala’s commentary). 330 Cakra reads vāraṇīya: to be checked, to be restrained. 331 See Cakra’s comments on the three kinds of incurability. 332 The same verse is found in the Hārītasaṃhitā (II.4.3). See L. Gopal (1988: 118–120) on lists of mahārogas or pāparogas in dharmaśāstra texts. Compare on the group of, usually eight, major diseases (mahāgada, mahāmaya, mahāroga, mahāvyādhi): Indu ad A.S.Sū.17.11; Āyurvedaprakāśa 2.209; Cakra ad Ca.Ci.26.4; Kalyāṇakāraka 11.4; Rasaratnasamuccaya 21.1; Śivatattvaratnākara VI.21.109cd–110ab; Ṭoḍara IV: 3.47. Mūdhagarbha is replaced by grahaṇī in Rasaratnasamuccaya, Ṭoḍara’s Āyurvedasaukhya and Indu’s quotation. The Hārītasaṃhitā (III.1.11cd–12) has a partly different list of eleven diseases called mahāgharatara. The term mahāgada has a particular meaning at Ca.Ci.26.4 according to Cakra; raktapitta is referred to as a mahāgada at Ca.Ci.4.5. The term mahāvikāra, employed at A.s.Sū.20.14, conveys another meaning than mahāroga and its synonyms. A disease, altogether different from the group of mahārogas, is the mahāgada, also called atattvābhiniveśa, of the Carakasaṃhitā (Sū.19.4; Ci.10.54–63). Mahārtī (Arkaprakāśa 7.88) is a children’s disease.