A History of Indian Medical Literature v2.c33.198

v2.c33.198

Hobson-Jobson; H. Kern (1888); W. Krenger (1957); F.B.J. Kuiper (1937): 305; G. Lebrun (1947–48); L. Lewin (1889); H. Losch (1959): 11; Om Prakash (1961): 253–254, (1987): II, 386–387; N.M. Penzer (1927), (1952): 187–300; G. Roerich (1959): 96–97; R. Schmidt (1913b); S. Sen, G. Talukder and A. Sharma (1989); A.M. Shastri (1996): I, 238; J.S. Speyer (1908); B.G.L. Swamy (1973): 72–74; U.P. Thapliyal (1979): 99; U. Venkatakrishna Rao (1947–48); G. Watt I, 291–301 and VI, Part I, 247–256; WIRM I, rev. ed., 390–413 and VIII, 84–94. See also the reports of early European travellers in India, for example Jan Huyghen van Linschoten's *Itinerario* (see A.C. Burnell and P.A. Tiele, 1970: II, 62–68). Betel chewing is not referred to in *Mahābhārata*, *Rāmāyaṇa* and the older parts of the Buddhist Canon; betel (tāmbūla) is known to Kālidāsa (*Raghuvamśa* 6.64; *Ṛtusaṃhāra* 5.5); a tāmbūladhārin forms part of the retinue of the king in the *Matsyapurāṇa* (215.15); Bāṇa's *Kādambarī* mentions a female attendant carrying a betel box (tāmbūlakaraṇkavāhinī) (see H. Losch, 1959: 11). Betel chewing is of Austric origin according to some scholars (see S.N. Chatterji, 1928: 85, 88). See on betel and betel chewing in Indonesia: K. Heyne (1927): 517–522.