A History of Indian Medical Literature v2.c33.624

Language: English

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1 See NCC IX, 228. Compare: Divodāsa. 2 See on this absence: L.H. Gray (1922): 328–329. 3 The Carakasaṃhitā (Vi.8.11) mentions him in this role. 4 L.H. Gray (1922): 323. W.A. Jayne (1925): 166–167. A.B. Keith (1976): I, 175. A. Kuhn (1886): 223. 5 See on these rituals: A. Hillebrandt (1897). 6 Āśvalāyanagṛhyasūtra 1.2.1–2; 1.3.6; 1.12.5. Mānavagṛhyasūtra 1.18.8; 2.12.19. See L.H. Gray (1922): 323–324; W.A. Jayne (1925): 167; A.B. Keith (1976): I, 214, 227; A. Kuhn (1886): 223. Bharadvāja Dhanvantari takes the place of Dhanvantari in the Śaṅkhāyanagṛhyasūtra (2.14.4). See A.B. Keith, 1976: I, 214, 224, 227; II, 360; A. Kuhn (1886): 223. 7 Gautamadharmasūtra 1.5.9. Manusmṛti 3.85. See L.H. Gray (1922): 323. 8 Anuśāsanaparvan 97.12 (ed. Poona): the oblation to Dhanvantari must be placed to the northeast, the quarter in which he dwells. See A. Daniélou (1964): 184–185; Dowson; M. and J. Stutley (1977): 75. 9 See J. Gonda (1965): 59–60; L.H. Gray (1922): 324; J. Filliozat (1975): 4; Bhāgavatapurāṇa 8.8 (ijyābhāj); Mārkaṇḍeyapurāṇa 29.18 (F.E. Pargiter, 1969: 153). 10 The number of these gems and Dhanvantari’s place in their order was studied by G.V. Davane (1976: I, 95–96). 11 See on the amṛta: A. Kuhn (1886). The churning of the Milky Ocean is described in many texts, for example, the Mahābhārata (Ādiparvan 16, *crit.ed.; 18, ed. Poona), Rāmāyaṇa (Bālakāṇḍa 45, ed.

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Nirṇaya Sāgar Press), Agnipurāṇa (3), Bhāgavatapurāṇa (8.7–8), Matsyapurāṇa (112–114), Padmapurāṇa (Bhūmikhaṇḍa 8–10; see N.A. Deshpande, 1990: 1586–1591), Skandapurāṇa (1.1.9–10), Vāyupurāṇa (*92.9), Viṣṇupurāṇa (1.9). Compare the references in I. Stubbe-Diarra (1995: 7). See on this myth and its interpretation: V.M. Bedekar (1967); S.A. Dange (1969): 239–280; J. Bruce Long (1976); J. Miller (1986); W.D. O’Flaherty (1982): 273–280; I. Stubbe-Diarra (1995): 7–15; P. van der Veer (1980); H.H. Wilson’s transl. of the Viṣṇupurāṇa (66–67). See on Dhanvantari: G.V. Davane (1976); L.H. Gray (1922); Sūramcandra (1978): I, 115–117; Vettam Mani 223; Yādavaśarman’s upodghāta (2–3) to ed. z of the Carakasaṃhitā. A. Kuhn (1886: 222–223) supposed Dhanvantari to be the personification of the amṛta. 12 Harivaṃśa I.29 (ed. Poona). Compare W. Kirfel (1927a): 370–371. 13 Agnipurāṇa (278), Bhāgavatapurāṇa (9.17), Garuḍapurāṇa (139.9), Harivaṃśa (I.32.21), Viṣṇupurāṇa (4.8): son of Dīrghatamas. Brahmāṇḍapurāṇa (III: upodghātapāda 67), Brahmapurāṇa (11.65; transl. 1985, part I, 73), Harivaṃśa (I.29.26–27), Vāyupurāṇa (Uttarārdha 30): grandson of Dīrghatapas. See ABI 481–482; AVI 47–48; C. Dwarakanath (1976): 3–4; Hemarājaśarman 28–30; HIM II, 310–312; R. Śāstrī (1977): 292–293, 297–303; V. Śukla and R. Tripāṭhī (1982): 35–36; Sūramcandra (1978): I, 164; Vettam Mani 223; Wilson’s transl. of the Viṣṇupurāṇa (325–327); Yādavaśarman’s upodghāta to ed. cc of the Suśrutasaṃhitā, 3–4.

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The Bhāvaprakāśa (I.1.72) relates that Dhanvantari was born in Kāśī as the son of a kṣatriya. 14 See: Divodāsa. 15 Compare Dalhaṇa ad Su.Sū.1.3: he is either this Dhanvantari or, according to others, an avatāra of Brahmā. 16 See: works ascribed to Dhanvantari. 17 Brahmavaivartapurāṇa, Kṛṣṇajanmakhaṇḍa 51 (transl. R.N. Sen, part 2: 315–318) (Dhanvantari addresses a dhyāna to the snake goddess Manasā in this chapter; see N.K. Bhaṭṭasali, 1929: 219–220). See AVI 49; A. Daniélou (1964): 184–185; Vettam Mani 223; H.R. Zimmer (1948): 38–43. Dhanvantari is associated with Takṣaka and other Nāgas in the Indian folk tradition (see L.H. Gray, 1922: 326–328). 18 See A. Hohenberger (1967): 64–65. 19 AVI 48. HIM II, 312–314. G.P. Srivastava (1954). 37–38. Vettam Mani 223. G. Mukhopadhyaya (HIM II, 315) is one of the few authors mentioning that this Dhanvantari married the three daughters of Aśvinīkumāra, called Siddhavidyā, Sādhyavidyā and Kaṣṭasādhyavidyā; he is said to have become the father of fourteen sons and to have been made king of Benares by Bharadvāja and other sages on the request of Brahmā; G. Mukhopadhyaya identifies this Dhanvantari with the teacher of Suśruta. B. Rama Rao (1972c) tells that the son of Vīrabhadrā learned āyurveda from Aśvinīkumāra and became the originator of the Vaidya community. See also O.P. Jaggi (1966): 38; Vṛddhatrayī 129–131. 20 Quoted in HIM (II, 313–314) and Vṛddhatrayī (129–131).

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21 These nine gems, enumerated in the rather late Jyotirvidbharaṇa (see A.M. Shastri, 1996: I, 3–4), are Amarasimha, Dhanvantari, Ghaṭakarpara, Kālidāsa, Kṣapaṇaka, Śaṅku, Varāhamihira, Vararuci, and Vetālabhaṭṭa. See: J. Bentley (1979): 242–243; S.N. Dasgupta and S.K. De (1947): 729–731; Gaṇanātha Sena’s upodghāta (3) to ed. dd of the Suśrutasaṃhitā; L.H. Gray (1922): 325–326; A.B. Keith (1973): 76; A.M. Shastri (1996): I, 3–4; H.H. Wilson (1984): III, 167–171; Winternitz III, 42–43; NCC IX, 228. See, in particular, *B. Bhattacharya (1948) and P.K. Gode (1948b). 22 Gaṇanātha Sena’s upodghāta (4) to ed. dd of the Suśrutasaṃhitā. 23 R. Śarmā and S. Śarmā (1991): 8. 24 *Edited by R. Tyāgarājan, Madras 1974. 25 *Edited by S. Venkatarajan, Tanjore 1966. 26 See D. Suresh Kumar (1990): 99. 27 Viṣṇudharmottarapurāṇa 3.73.41 (see P. Shah, 1990: 215). See P.K. Gode (1948b): 139. Compare D.V. Davane (1976): 96–97. See also Bhāgavatapurāṇa 8.8. 28 See P.K. Gode (1948b): 139. E. Balfour (1967: I, 932–933) describes two shrines, found in Rājasthān, one of which contains a statue of Takṣaka, while the other has one of Dhanvantari (compare L.H. Gray, 1922: 327–328). See also H. Krishna Sastri (1916): 254, 259. A statue of Dhanvantari is reproduced in O.P. Jaggi (1973). 29 See L.H. Gray (1922): 326–327. 30 See, for example, C. Dwarakanath (1976); Gaṇanātha Sena’s upodghāta to ed. dd of the Suśrutasaṃhitā; HIM II, 316–317; G.P. Srivastava (1954): 35–38; V. Śukla and R. Tripāṭhī (1982): 33–37;

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Sūramcandra (1978): 115–119 and 164–175; Vettam Mani 223. 31 See, for example, Agnipurāṇa 3.11; Bhāgavatapurāṇa 1.3, 2.7, 8.8. 32 Brahmavaivartapurāṇa, Kṛṣṇajanmakhaṇḍa 51. See also G.V. Davane (1976): 100; Hopkins 218; G. Mukhopadhyaya (HIM II, 316). The Bower MS reverses the roles in presenting Dhanvantari as the teacher of Keśava (= Viṣṇu).