A History of Indian Medical Literature v3.c49.s2.65

v3.c49.s2.65

Nine gems (ratna) are described: māṇikya (ruby), muktā (pearl), vidruma (coral), tārkṣya (emerald), puṣpa (topaz), bhidura (diamond), nīla (sapphire), gomedaka (zircon), and vidūraka (cat's eye) (131). The six minor gems (uparatna or kṣudraratna) are: vaikrānta (Irish diamond), sūryakānta (sunstone), candrakānta (moonstone), nṛpopala (lazis lazuli), peroja (turquoise), and sphaṭika (157). Other stones and substances described are: vyomāśman or saṅgayaśava (jade), pālaṅka (onyx), rudhi-ra (carnelian), pūtīkā (peridote), sugandhika (spinel), turmulī (tourmaline), tṛṇakānta (amber), sudhā (calcium), khaṭikā (chalk), dugdhapāṣāṇa (talc), godantī (gypsum), śṛ-ṅga (horn), kauśeyāśman (asbestos), nāgāśman (serpentine), and badarāśman or aśma-bhid (a calcium silicate) (163–177).