Ancient Indian Education (Brahmanical and Buddhist) c10.24

c10.24

Experts in Music also hold that Vedic *Udātta* corresponds to modern *Ga* (including within itself its *saṁvādī* or consonant *Ni*), *Anudātta* to *Ri* (including its *saṁvādī Dha*), and *Svarita* to *Sha* (with its *saṁvādīs*, *Ma* and *Pa*). It will thus appear that the nucleus of the Sāman scale is primarily *Ga-Ri-Sha*, which shows struggles to reach the fourth *Ni*, and even the fifth *Dha* bordering on *Ni*. It is also evident that what we now call the seven *Svaras*, the ancients call the seven *Yamas*, viz. Krushṭa, Prathama, Dvitīya, Tṛitīya, Chaturtha, Mandra, Atisvārya [*Taittirīya-Prātiśākhya*, xxiii, 13], and that while the modern *Svaras* are in the ascending order, the ancient *Yamas* are counted in the descending order. Thus the only light that the Sāmaveda throws on Education is that it was responsible for the development of Indian Music and its School.