Ancient Indian Education (Brahmanical and Buddhist) c16.101

c16.101

**Non-Vedic Āgamas.** Besides this Āgama of the *Sāṁkhya*, the *Kārika* hints at systems of *Āgama* unconnected with the *Vedic Āgama*. The latter is described as *Āptaśruti* and *Aptavachana* in *Kārikā*, 5, and in the next *Kārikā* as *Āptāgama*, *i.e.* as true, trustworthy, or approved revelation, to be distinguished, as explained by Vāchaspati Misra, from the systems of Āgama followed by the Śākyas, Bhikshus, Nirgranthakas, and other classes of ascetics, which are branded as spurious revelations. Their existence, however, proves that the prolific power of Hindu thought has produced not merely a single Vedic world or system of culture but also other worlds and systems round other centres than the time-honoured Veda. And these had their own outlook upon life and corresponding systems of training.