Ancient Indian Education (Brahmanical and Buddhist) c16.164

Language: English

c16.164

**The Five Afflictions.** The 'sorrows' (*kleśas*) that dwindle are described to be the five following, viz. (1) *Avidyā*, ignorance; (2) *Asmitā*, sense of individuality; (3) *Rāga*, passion; (4) *Dvesha*, hatred; and (5) *Abhiniveśa*, instinctive clinging to life, instinct of self-preservation.

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