The Shulbasutras of Baudhayana, Apastamba, Katyayana and Manava: With Text, English Translation and Commentary c7.4

c7.4

Now, the measure of an *aṅgula* is 14 *aṇus* (grain of *Panicum milliaceum*); according to others, (it is) 34 *tilas* (*sesamum indicum*) placed broad side on. One small *pada* is 10 *aṅgulas*; one *prādeśa* 12 *aṅgulas*; one *pṛthā* and one *uttarayuga* 13 *aṅgulas* each; one (big) *pada* 15 *aṅgulas*. One *īṣā* measures 188 *aṅgulas*; one *akṣa* 104 *aṅgulas*; one *yuga* 86 *aṅgulas*; one *jānu* 32 *aṅgulas*; one *śamyā* and one *bāhu* 36 *aṅgulas* each. One *prakrama* equals 2 *padas* (30 *aṅgulas*); one *aratni* 2 *prādeśas* (24 *aṅgulas*). But there are also instances of *pada*, *yuga*, *prakrama*, *aratni* and *śamyā* having different measures when these (words) are used as units of measurement. 5 *aratnis* (120 *aṅgulas*) make one *puruṣa*; one *vyāma* also has the same measure (5 *aratnis*); and 4 *aratnis* (96 *aṅgulas*) make one *vyāyāma*.