Vada in Theory and Practice: Studies in Debates, Dialogues and Discussions in Indian Intellectual Discourses c12.5

c12.5

In this scenario, the idea of *svarāj* was evolved with a dynamic conceptual framework. The prefix *sva* indicated the self and *rāj* got linked with the idea of freedom at political, social and psychological levels. The last chapter refers to Shyamji Krishna Varma, an unsung hero raising his voice against the totalitarian approaches of West and coming close to Spencer in this process. The idea of *svarāj* was to unfold in Gandhi’s criticism of Spencer and liberation of the inner soul of man. *Ātmano* *mokṣārthaṁ jagad hitāya ca* (for one's own liberation and for the welfare of the world) this saying of Swami Vivekananda became a central principle of Subhas Chandra Bose.