Shringaraprakasha 1.p1.3

1.p1.3

sa ca dvādaśadhā-abhidhā, vivakṣā, tātparyam, pravibhāgaḥ, vyapekṣā, sāmarththam, anvayaḥ, ekārthībhāvaḥ, doṣahānam, guṇopādānam, alaṅkārayogaḥ, iti | 1.4 tatra yadhyapi ’na kevalā prakṛtiḥ prayoktavyā na ca kevalaḥ pratyayaḥ’ iti prayoganiyamaḥ, tathā'pi dharmaniyamāya śāsamastraprakriyāvyavahāre prakṛtipratyayavibhāgakalpanayā śabdārthabhāvanāyāṃ pratyayātprathamamupādanakāraṇamiva yopadīyate tāṃ prakṛtiriti vyapadiśanti | sā tradhiā-dhāturūpā, pratyayarūpā, pratayayarūpā, prātipadikarūpā ca | tatra dhātavaḥ ṣoḍhā-paripaṭhitāḥ, aparipaṭhitāḥ, patipaṭhitāparipaṭhitāḥ, pratyayadhātavaḥ, nāmadhātavaḥ, pratayayanāmadhātavaśceti | teṣu paripaṭhidā bhūvādayaḥ; yathā- bhūyātteṣāṃ kule janma jāyāntāṃ teṣu sampadaḥ| yeṣāṃ svamiti manvānāḥ svīkurvanti svamarthinaḥ|| kaviḥsṛjati kāvyāni hṛdhyādadhati sajjanāḥ| sūte muktāḥ payorāśirvabanti tarūṇīstanāḥ|| na rūṇatsīndriyagrāmaṃ na śṛṇoṣi gurorvacaḥ| nopārjayasi mitrāṇi kathaṃ gṛhṇāsyariśriyaḥ|| aparipaṭhitā āndalayatyādaya; yathā- nopānāndolayanneva preṅkholayati me manaḥ| pavano vījayannāśā mānāāśāmuctulumpati|| taḍitkhacayatīvāśā nasante śarma barhiṇaḥ| pānthāsatrīśvāsaledhauṣṇayaṃ vidhamantyabdavāyavaḥ|| milantyāśāsu jīmūtā viksabante divi grahāḥ| tāpaṃ kṣapayati prāvṛṭ śakṣīyante kābhivigrabaḥ|| ye sūtreṣveva paṭhyante na bhūvādiṣu te paripaṭitāparipaṭitāḥ skṛ ityādayaḥ; yathā- anuskunuhi mā mantūn vasanto mānadhasmaraḥ| dūti drutamṛtīyasva jijāvayiṣati smaraḥ|| musalakṣepahuṃkārastebhaiḥ kalamakhaṇḍini|

And that is twelvefold: denotative capacity, speaker's intention, purport, distinct distribution, mutual expectancy, semantic compatibility, syntactic connection, integration of meaning, elimination of poetic faults, adoption of poetic qualities, and connection with poetic ornaments. / 1.4 In this regard, although the rule of usage is that 'a morphological base must not be used alone, nor an affix alone,' nevertheless, for the purpose of establishing grammatical correctness in the functioning of theoretical analysis, in the conceptual realization of sound and meaning through the postulated division of morphological base and affix, that which is taken up before the affix, like a material cause, is designated as the morphological base. It is threefold: having the form of a verbal root, having the form of an affix, and having the form of a nominal stem. Among them, verbal roots are sixfold: explicitly listed in the recitation of roots, unlisted, both listed and unlisted, affix-formed verbal roots, denominative verbs, and affix-formed denominative verbs. Among these, those explicitly listed are *bhū* and the rest; as in: / 'May birth take place in their lineage, may riches be produced among those / whose own wealth the petitioners take, thinking it their own!' / 'The poet creates poems, the virtuous cherish them in their hearts; / the sea produces pearls, the young women's breasts bear them.' / 'You do not restrain the cluster of sense organs, you do not listen to the guru's word, / you do not win friends—how will you seize the fortunes of enemies?' / The unlisted are *āndolayati* ('swings') and the like; as in: / 'Without swinging the water-lily, the wind yet makes my mind sway; / blowing in all directions, it tears away the hope of pride.' / 'Lightning seems to inlay the quarters; peacocks find delight; / the cloud-bearing winds blow away the heat of travelers' wives' sighs.' / 'Clouds gather in the quarters, planets fade in the sky; / the rains extinguish the heat, bodily passions dwindle.' / Those that are read only in the grammatical rules and not in the list of verbal roots beginning with *bhū* are the listed-unlisted, such as *sku* and others; as in: / 'Do not point out my offenses; Spring destroys pride; / O messenger, quickly bring her here; Kāma desires to revive me.' / 'With the thuds accompanied by the grunts of pestle-strikes, O breaker of the grain...'