Shringaraprakasha 2.p1.1

2.p1.1

dvitāyaḥ prātipadikādiprakāśaḥ 2.1 prātipadikaṃ tridhā--vibhaktāvayavam, avibhaktāvayavam, anukaraṇaṃ ca | tatra vibhaktāvayavaṃ tridhā--kṛdrūpam, taddhitarūpam, samāsarūpaṃ ca | teṣu bhāvakārakābhidhāyino dhātupratyāyāḥ kṛtaḥ | tatra dhātvartha evāpūrvāparībhūto bhāvaḥ ; yadāha-- kālānupāti yadrūpaṃ dhātvarthasya kriyeti tat| parito yat paricchinnaṃ tadbhāva iti kathyate|| 2.2 sa iha ṣoḍhā samabhavati--siddhaḥ, sādhyaḥ, siddhāsamāptaḥ, sādhyāsamāptaḥ, siddhasādhyaḥ, sādhyasiddhaśceti | teṣu udbhutapratyayāṃśatvena kriyānudrekāt sattvabhūtatve liṅgasaṃkhyādyupagrāhī ’kartṛkarmaṇoḥ kṛti’ (pā.2.3.65.) iti saṃbandhavibhakternimittaṃ sidhdaḥ ; yathā--āścāryamidamodansya ca pāko brāhmaṇānāṃ ca prādurbhāvaḥ, bhedikā kāṣṭhānāṃ devadattasya, cikīrṣā yajñadattasya kaṭasya iti | atra ubhayaprāptau karmaṇyeva iti niyame ubhayoḥ praptiryasmin kṛti iti vyākhyānāt, akākārayośca niyamapratiṣedhāt, kartaryapi ṣaṣṭhyeva bhavantī bhāvasya siddhatāṃ dyotayati | udbhataprakṛtyaṃśatvena kriyodrekādasattvabhūtatve liṅgasaṃkhyādyanupagrāhī kartṛkarmaṇoḥ kārakavibhaktereva nimittaṃ sādhyaḥ ; yathā-- odanaṃ bhoktuṃ yāti, svādhāyamadhīteya snāpayati, payaḥ pāyaṃ pāyamāste iti | ata eva ’na loka’ -B(pā.2.3.69.) ityādinā ṣaṣṭhī niṣidhyate | siddha eva taddhitānubandhī siddhāsamāptaḥ ; yathā--vyāvarakrośī, sāṅkūṭinam, kṛtrimam iti |

Second Illumination: The Illumination of the Nominal Stem and So Forth. / 2.1 The nominal stem is threefold: having distinct constituents, having indistinct constituents, and an imitation. / Among these, that having distinct constituents is threefold: primary-derivative in form, secondary-derivative in form, and compound in form. / Among them, the affixes to verbal roots that express state or syntactic role are the primary affixes. / There, the meaning of a verbal root that is not organized into a temporal sequence is a state (bhāva); as it is said: / 'That form of verbal meaning which tracks time is an action; / that which is delimited as a discrete entity on all sides is called a state.' (2.2) / Here, that [state] exists in six ways: accomplished, to be accomplished, accomplished but incomplete, to be accomplished and incomplete, accomplished yet to be accomplished, and to be accomplished yet accomplished. / Among these, because the primary affix is the prominent element, there is no emergence of action, so having become an entity, it takes on gender, number, and so on; it is the cause for a relation-case-ending under the rule 'Of the agent and object in a primary-affix construction' (Pāṇini 2.3.65), and is the accomplished [state]; / as in: 'This is a wonder: the cooking of the rice and the appearance of the Brahmins'; 'Devadatta's split of the firewood'; 'Yajñadatta's desire to make a mat.' / Here, in the case of the restriction that 'only for the object when both apply', because the explanation is 'in that primary derivative wherein both are applicable', and because this restriction is prohibited in the case of [-aka] and [-in] affixes, the genitive ending applies even to the agent, thereby indicating the accomplished nature of the state. / When the verbal root element is prominent, due to the emergence of action, it does not become an entity, does not take on gender, number, and so on, and is the cause only for a syntactic-role case ending of the agent and object; this is the [state] to be accomplished; / as in: 'He goes to eat rice'; 'Having studied his sacred recitation, he bathes'; 'He sits drinking milk repeatedly.' / For this very reason, the genitive ending is prohibited by the rule 'Not with [the affixes] la, u, ka...' (Pāṇini 2.3.69). / Connected with a secondary suffix while still being accomplished is the accomplished-incomplete [state]; / as in: 'mutual screaming' (vyāvakrośī), 'assembled' (sāṅkūṭinam), 'artificial' (kṛtrimam).