Shringaraprakasha 3.p1.1

3.p1.1

tṛtīyāḥ prakṛtyādiśabdaprakāśaḥ 3.1. tatra padyate'nenārtha iti padam| tatrtridhā--kriyārūpaṃ, kārakarūpaṃ, upaskārarūpaṃ ca | teṣu sādhyārthabhidhāyu kriyārūpaṃ, sādhanārthabhudhāyi kārakarūpaṃ, sādhyasādhanayorbhūṣaṇādibhūtamupaskārarūpam| teṣāṃ pratyekaṃ ṣaḍbhedatvātpabhidhāyi kārakarūpaṃ, sādhyasādhanayorbhūṣaṇadibhūtamupaskārarūpam| teṣāṃ partyekaṃ ṣaḍbhedatvātpadasyāṣṭādaśa bhetā bhavanti| teṣu bhāvapadaṃ, kartṛpadaṃ, karmapadaṃ, bhāvakarmapadaṃ, bhāvakartṛpadaṃ, karmakartṛpadaṃ ceti kriyārūpapadabhedāḥ| teṣu bhāvapadaṃ yathā--pacyate, apāci, pakṣyate devadattena. āsyate, āsi, āsiṣyate bhavatā bhidyate, abhedi, bhetsyate kusūlena,. śrāyate, aśrāyi, śrāyiṣyate yavāgvā. evaṃ śrāyuṣīṣṭa, śaśre, āśrāyuṣyataudanena| ghāniṣīṣṭa, jaghro, aghāniṣyata hastinā. grāhiṣīṣṭa, jagṛhe, āgrāhiṣyata grāheṇa. darśiṣīṣṭa, daddaśe, adarśiṣyata preyaseti| karmapadaṃ yathā--pacyate odanassūdena, āsyate māso bhṛtakena, gamyate grāmaḥ pānthena, supyate krośaśśiśunā, akāri kaṭaḥ kuśalena, arodhi gaurgopālakena, adohi dhenurvallavena, atāri pṛthivī rājñā, anvavātapta kitavaḥjha karmaṇā, anubabhūve kambalaḥ kareṇa, pakṣyate yavāgūrbhiṣajā, alāniṣīṣṭa bhikṣā tāpasena| evaṃ kariṣyate grāhitā grāhiṣīṣṭa grinthaḥ, darśiṣyate darśitā darśiṣīṣṭa prayoāniti|

Third illumination: on words consisting of bases and the like (3.1). In this context, a word (pada) is that by which meaning is attained. It is threefold: having the nature of an action, having the nature of a syntactic role, and having the nature of an ornament. Among them, that having the nature of an action expresses an effect to be accomplished; that having the nature of a syntactic role expresses an instrumental means; and that having the nature of an ornament constitutes the adornment and so forth of the effect and the means. Because each of these has six varieties, there are eighteen varieties of words. Among them, the varieties of words having the nature of an action are: the impersonal word (bhāvapada), the agentive word (kartṛpada), the objective word (karmapada), the impersonal-objective word (bhāvakarmapada), the impersonal-agentive word (bhāvakartṛpada), and the objective-agentive word (karmakartṛpada). Among these, the impersonal word is as follows: "Cooking is done (pacyate), was done (apāci), will be done (pakṣyate) by Devadatta." "Sitting is done (āsyate), was done (āsi), will be done (āsiṣyate) by you." "Breaking occurs (bhidyate), occurred (abhedi), will occur (bhetsyate) by the granary." "Boiling takes place (śrāyate), took place (aśrāyi), will take place (śrāyiṣyate) with barley gruel." Likewise: "May it be boiled (śrāyiṣīṣṭa), it was boiled (śaśre), it would be boiled (āśrāyiṣyata) with boiled rice." "May it be struck (ghāniṣīṣṭa), it was struck (jaghne), it would be struck (aghāniṣyata) by an elephant." "May it be seized (grāhiṣīṣṭa), it was seized (jagṛhe), it would be seized (agrāhiṣyata) by a crocodile." "May it be seen (darśiṣīṣṭa), it was seen (dadṛśe), it would be seen (adarśiṣyata) by the beloved." The objective word is as follows: "Boiled rice is cooked (pacyate) by the cook." "A month is spent sitting (āsyate) by the hired servant." "The village is gone to (gamyate) by the traveler." "A krośa is slept through (supyate) by the child." "The mat was made (akāri) by the skilled artisan." "The cow was restrained (arodhi) by the cowherd." "The milk-cow was milked (adohi) by the herdsman." "The earth was crossed (atāri) by the king." "The gambler was consumed with grief (anvavātāpi) by his own deed." "The blanket was experienced (anubabhūve) by touch." "Barley gruel will be cooked (pakṣyate) by the physician." "May alms be plucked (alāniṣīṣṭa) by the ascetic." Likewise: "The book will be made (kariṣyate), is made (grāhitā), may it be grasped (grāhiṣīṣṭa); the performance will be shown (darśiṣyate), is shown (darśitā), may it be shown (darśiṣīṣṭa)."