འཕགས་པ་རྣམ་པར་མ་རྟག་པར་འཇག་པ་ཞས་བྱ་བའ་གཟངས intro.21

intro.21

In addition to the canonical version of the Tibetan translation, two incomplete Tibetan manuscripts of the APD were discovered among the Dunhuang documents. One of the manuscripts (IOL Tib J 51) is a copy of the canonical translation prepared by Jinamitra, Dānaśīla, and Kawa Paltsek. The second (IOL Tib J 52) preserves a different translation, but it demonstrates only minor variants that are primarily due to the lexical preferences of the translator.¹⁰ In both cases the colophons are missing, making it difficult to precisely determine the details of their composition. There are also two extant Chinese translations of the APD: a Dunhuang manuscript by an unknown translator with the title Ru wu fenbie zongchi jing, and an early eleventh-century translation by Dānapāla, the Fo shuo ru wu fenbie famen jing (Taishō 654).¹¹ The latter is a translation of an otherwise unknown recension of the Sanskrit text.