འཕགས་པ་དགངས་པ་ངས་པར་འགྲལ་པ་ཞས་བྱ་བ་ཐག་པ་ཆན་པའ་མད 100

100

truth is tathatā. Abiding is the establishment of the person; or the establishment of the parikalpita nature; or the establishment of direct answers, analytical answers, and answers by counter-questioning; or the establishment of setting aside; or the establishment of answering secret and analytical matters. Faults are those numerous disadvantages of afflicted dharmas taught by me in various ways. Virtues are those numerous benefits of purified dharmas taught by me in various ways. Manner should be understood as sixfold: the manner of reality, the manner of attainment, the manner of explanation, the manner of avoiding the two extremes, the manner of the inconceivable, and the manner of intentional meaning. Engagement comprises the three times, the three characteristics of the conditioned, and the four conditions (pratyaya). Reasoning should be understood as fourfold: the reasoning of dependence (apekṣāyukti), the reasoning of performative efficacy (kāryakāraṇayukti), the reasoning of logical establishment (upapattisādhanayukti), and the reasoning of dharmatā (dharmatāyukti). Therein, the reasoning of dependence refers to the causes and conditions through which saṃskāras arise and according to which designations are formulated—this is the reasoning of dependence. The causes and conditions through which dharmas are attained, accomplished, or through which what has arisen engages in action—this is the reasoning of performative efficacy. The causes and conditions that establish and properly comprehend one's own understanding, explanation, and the meaning of what is stated—this is the reasoning of logical establishment. Furthermore, to summarize, this is of two kinds: completely pure and not completely pure. Therein, the lakṣaṇas of the completely pure are five, and the lakṣaṇas of the not completely pure are seven. What are the five lakṣaṇas of the completely pure? They are: the lakṣaṇa of direct perception, the lakṣaṇa of direct perception based thereon, the lakṣaṇa of applying a parallel example of its own class,