Dharmaguptaka-vinaya 15.3

15.3

爾時佛在舍衛國祇樹給孤獨園。爾時舍衛城中有一比丘，作是念：「我今寧可常乞食、著糞掃衣。」彼即如所念便行。爾時舍衛城中諸居士，為命過父母及兄弟姊妹及夫，於四衢道頭、或門下、或河邊樹下、或在石邊、或在廟中，作飲食祭祀供養。時彼乞食比丘自取食之，諸居士見皆共嫌之：「沙門釋子不知慚愧，犯不與取，外自稱言：『我修正法。』如是有何正法？我等為命過父母及兄弟姊妹，作飲食祭祀供養而取食之，如似我曹故為沙門釋子飲食供養置如是處，而我等乃為命過父母及兄弟姊妹故設此飲食祭祀，而自取食之。」時諸比丘聞，其中有少欲知足、行頭陀、樂學戒、知慚愧者，嫌責乞食比丘言：「云何乞食比丘，舍衛城中諸居士為命過父母及兄弟姊妹設飯食祭祀供養，而自取食之？」爾時諸比丘往至世尊所，頭面禮足在一面坐，以此因緣具白世尊。世尊以此因緣集諸比丘僧，以無數方便呵責彼比丘：「汝所為非，非威儀、非沙門法、非淨行、非隨順行，所不應為。云何，乞食比丘！自取舍衛城居士祭祀飲食而食之。」世尊以無數方便呵責彼乞食比丘已，告諸比丘：「此乞食比丘癡人！多種有漏處，最初犯戒，自今已去與比丘結戒，集十句義乃至正法久住，欲說戒者當如是說：若比丘不受食、若藥著口中，波逸提。」如是世尊與比丘結戒。

At that time the Buddha was dwelling in Śrāvastī at the Jetavana Anāthapiṇḍadārāma. At that time, a bhikṣu in the city of Śrāvastī thought: 'I should constantly beg for food and wear robes of rags from the dust heap.' He then acted according to his thoughts. At that time, householders in the city of Śrāvastī made food and drink as offerings of sacrifice for their deceased parents, brothers, sisters, and husbands at crossroad junctions, under doorways, beside rivers, under trees, beside rocks, or inside shrines. That alms-begging bhikṣu took it on his own and ate it. When the householders saw this, they all reproached him: 'The śramaṇas of the Śākyan clan have no sense of shame or conscience; they commit taking what is not given, yet outwardly claim, "We practice the True Dharma." What True Dharma is there in this? We made food and drink as sacrificial offerings for our deceased parents, brothers, and sisters, yet he takes it and eats it, as if we had placed such food and drink offerings in these spots intentionally for the śramaṇas of the Śākyan clan! We set out this sacrificial food and drink for our deceased parents, brothers, and sisters, yet he took it on his own and ate it.' The bhikṣus heard this. Among them, those who had few desires and were easily satisfied, practiced dhūtas, loved training in the precepts, and had a sense of shame and conscience, reproached the alms-begging bhikṣu, saying: 'How could an alms-begging bhikṣu take on his own and eat the sacrificial offerings of food and drink set out by the householders of Śrāvastī for their deceased parents, brothers, and sisters?' Then the bhikṣus went to the World-Honoured One, bowed their heads at his feet, and sat to one side. They reported this matter fully to the World-Honoured One. By reason of this, the World-Honoured One assembled the Saṅgha of bhikṣus, and rebuked that bhikṣu with countless expedients: 'What you have done is wrong; it is not deportment, not the Dharma of a śramaṇa, not pure conduct, not conduct that conforms [to the path]; it is what should not be done. How could you, alms-begging bhikṣu, take on your own and eat the sacrificial food and drink of the householders of Śrāvastī?' Having rebuked that alms-begging bhikṣu with countless expedients, the World-Honoured One addressed the bhikṣus: 'This foolish alms-begging bhikṣu! Many are the sources of afflictions; he is the first to transgress the precept. From this day forward, I lay down this precept for the bhikṣus, assembling the ten objectives up to the long abiding of the True Dharma. When one wishes to recite the precepts, one should recite them thus: If a bhikṣu puts into his mouth food or medicine that has not been received, it is a pāyattika.' Thus the World-Honoured One laid down the precept for the bhikṣus.