大比丘三千威儀 2.42

2.42

營事維那，飯時於堂中當行二十五德：一者已布空案，當自身行遍視下竟皆遍淨不。二者不得先布空案。三者上座已有應分飯。四者一切有所分布，皆當至沙彌，若白衣受。五者三師在中不得持增益。六者作分上下當使平等。七者分飯自當更手令平。八者欲分羹當三迴杓乃斟。九者令汁滓調。十者不得即以釜中羹著人鉢中，皆當先更分著器中。十一者所有分不得於上語笑。十二者不得遙大呼言取某來。十三者眾中有不食羹者，為取所便與之。十四者若眾中有不相便可者，不得即於坐中呵罵。十五者急當念養病。十六者飯時人持物來，當即分布盡之，不得言當遺後日。十七者急先益羹。十八者急當益中飯盡。十九者不得中止踞視僧。二十者不得遠離僧於前捨出。二十一者皆已飯，當自視中所不具者，復視多少益。二十二者不得住大呼從人撿挍食具去。二十三者蓋藏無令有聲、捐棄著地。二十四者當教人豫具掃帚澡水手巾。二十五者當住待僧達嚫竟，自當白畢竟乃出去。

The duty-distributor (karmadāna) should observe twenty-five virtues in the hall at mealtime: 1. Having laid out the empty low tables, he should personally walk all around to check below whether all are everywhere clean. 2. He must not lay out the empty low tables beforehand. 3. The sthaviras already have their due portion of food. 4. In all distributions, they should reach down to the śrāmaṇeras, or to the white-robed [laymen] who receive them. 5. If the three masters are present among them, he must not add extra food [for himself]. 6. In making portions, the senior and junior ranks should be treated equally. 7. In distributing food, he should personally use both hands to make it even. 8. When wishing to distribute soup, he should swirl the ladle three times before pouring. 9. He should make the broth and solids properly balanced. 10. He must not take soup straight from the caldron and put it into people's bowls; he must first transfer it into [serving] vessels. 11. Over whatever is distributed, he must not speak or laugh. 12. He must not shout loudly from afar, saying: 'Bring such-and-such!' 13. If anyone in the assembly cannot eat the soup, he should fetch whatever is suitable and give it to him. 14. If there is an incompatibility or displeasure among the assembly, he must not immediately scold or revile them while seated. 15. In urgent cases, he should be mindful of caring for the sick. 16. If someone brings items at mealtime, he should immediately distribute them completely and must not say they should be saved for another day. 17. He should urgently add soup first. 18. He should urgently add food to replenish it completely. 19. He must not stop halfway, squat down, and stare at the saṅgha. 20. He must not walk far away from the saṅgha and abandon them to leave. 21. When all have eaten, he should personally look to see what has not been fully provided, and check the amount to add more. 22. He must not stand, shouting loudly at people to inspect and remove the eating utensils. 23. In covering and storing [utensils], he must not let them make noise, nor throw them down onto the ground. 24. He should instruct people to prepare brooms, washing water, and hand towels in advance. 25. He should stand and wait until the saṅgha has finished the dakṣiṇā, and should personally announce its conclusion before leaving.