大比丘三千威儀 1.5

1.5

Second, not understanding what is an offense and what is not an offense: whether it is an offense against the Buddha’s Dharma and not a worldly offense, or a worldly offense and not an offense against the Buddha’s Dharma, or both an offense against the Buddha’s Dharma and a worldly offense, or neither an offense against the Buddha’s Dharma nor a worldly offense. An offense against the Buddha’s Dharma and not a worldly offense refers to [possessing] surplus property or being separated from one’s robes after the institution of the precepts. A worldly offense and not an offense against the Buddha’s Dharma refers to killing, stealing, and the like before the institution of the precepts. Both an offense against the Buddha’s Dharma and a worldly offense refers to breaking the precepts against sexual misconduct, deceit, and the like, before and after the institution of the precepts. Neither an offense against the Buddha’s Dharma nor a worldly offense refers to killing grass and trees and the like before the institution of the precepts. If a bhikṣu touches food or eats at night, or if a bhikṣu loses food overnight, consider whether one can perform these three acts: if one eats this food, it is an offense; if one eats overnight food together with a trustworthy person, it is not an offense. Not knowing such matters is called not understanding what is an offense and what is not an offense.