大比丘三千威儀 2.2

2.2

The twelve dhūtas are: First, not accepting personal invitations, begging for food daily, and also not accepting a single share of meals or money from the bhikṣusaṅgha. Second, staying on mountain peaks and not staying overnight in human dwellings, commanderies, counties, or hamlets. Third, not begging clothing or bedding from others, and not accepting clothing or bedding given by others, but only taking garments discarded by the dead in burial mounds and graveyards, mending them to wear. Fourth, staying under trees in open fields. Fifth, eating only one meal a day, also named ekāsanika. Sixth, not lying down day and night but only sitting, rising to perform caṅkramaṇa when drowsy, also named naiṣadyika. Seventh, having only three robes, possessing no extra clothing, and not lying within quilts. Eighth, staying in charnel grounds, neither in Buddhist monasteries nor among worldly settlements, meditating and seeking the Way while gazing upon human corpses and skeletal bones. Ninth, wishing only to dwell alone and not wishing to see people, nor wishing to lie down together with people. Tenth, eating fruits and gourds first and then eating rice, and after eating, being forbidden from eating fruits again. Eleventh, wishing only to lie in the open, not dwelling under trees or in houses. Twelfth, eating neither meat nor ghee, and not smearing the body with sesame oil.