分別功德論 4.7

4.7

牛腳比丘者，以二事不得居世間。何者？此比丘腳似牛甲、食飽則呞，以是二事不得居世。若外道梵志見其呞者，謂沙門食無時節，生誹謗心。是以佛遣上天，在善法講堂坐禪定意。善覺比丘常為眾僧使至天上。佛涅槃後，迦葉鳴揵椎大集眾僧，命阿那律遍觀世界誰不來者。阿那律即觀世界盡來，唯有橋洹比丘今在天上。即遣善覺命召使來。善覺到三十三天，見在善法講堂入滅盡定，彈指覺之曰：「世尊涅槃已十四日。迦葉集眾，遣我相命，可下世間至眾集所。」橋洹答曰：「世間已空，我去何為？」不忍還世，欲取涅槃。即以衣鉢付於善覺還歸眾僧，便取涅槃。以是因緣，善處天上，故稱第一。

As for the monk Gavāmpati, on account of two things he could not dwell in the world. What were they? This monk's feet resembled cattle hooves, and when his stomach was full, he chewed the cud; on account of these two things he could not dwell in the world. If non-Buddhist brahmacārins were to see him chewing the cud, they would say that the śramaṇa eats at improper times, and a mind of slander would arise. Therefore, the Buddha sent him up to heaven to sit in meditation and quiet his mind in the Sudharmā Lecture Hall. The monk Subhūti frequently served as a messenger for the saṅgha, traveling up to heaven. After the Buddha's parinirvāṇa, Kāśyapa struck the gaṇḍī and gathered the great assembly of monks, ordering Aniruddha to survey the entire world to see who had not come. Aniruddha then surveyed the world: all had come, and only the monk Gavāmpati was now in heaven. He immediately dispatched Subhūti to summon him to come. Subhūti arrived in the Thirty-three Heavens and saw him in the Sudharmā Lecture Hall having entered nirodhasamāpatti. He snapped his fingers to awaken him and said: 'The World-Honoured One entered nirvāṇa fourteen days ago. Kāśyapa has assembled the community and sent me to summon you; you may descend to the world and proceed to the place where the community is gathered.' Gavāmpati replied: 'The world is already empty; what purpose would my going serve?' Bearing not to return to the world, he wished to attain nirvāṇa. He then entrusted his robes and bowl to Subhūti to return to the saṅgha, and thereupon attained nirvāṇa. On account of this cause and condition, being well situated in heaven, he is declared foremost.