大方便佛報恩經 6.75

6.75

答曰：「四是實罪，飲酒一戒是遮罪。飲酒所以得與四罪同類結為五戒者，以飲酒是放逸之本，能犯四戒。如迦葉佛時，有優婆塞，以飲酒故，邪婬他婦，盜殺他雞。他人問言：『何以故爾？』答言：『不作。』以酒亂故，一時能破四戒。有以飲酒故，能作四逆，唯不能破僧耳。雖非宿業，有狂亂報，以飲酒故，迷惑倒亂，猶若狂人。又酒亂故，廢失正業——坐禪、誦經、佐助眾事。雖非實罪，以是因緣，與實罪同。」

He replied, “Four are offenses in themselves, and the single precept against drinking alcohol is a prohibitive offense. The reason why drinking alcohol is grouped with the four offenses to constitute the five precepts is that drinking alcohol is the root of negligence and can cause one to violate the four precepts. For instance, in the time of Kāśyapa Buddha, there was an upāsaka who, because of drinking alcohol, committed sexual misconduct with another's wife and stole and slaughtered another's chicken. When other people asked him, ‘Why did you do this?’, he answered, ‘I did not do it.’ Because he was deranged by alcohol, he was able to break all four precepts at one time. There are those who, because of drinking alcohol, can commit the four heinous deeds, being unable only to cause a schism in the Saṅgha. Although it is not past karma, it brings the retribution of madness: because of drinking alcohol, one becomes confused and deranged, just like a madman. Moreover, being deranged by alcohol, one abandons one's proper tasks—sitting in meditation, reciting scriptures, and assisting with the affairs of the community. Although it is not an offense in itself, by this reason it is treated the same as an offense in itself.”