仁王般若經疏 2.90

2.90

是人超過下，第二明歎經功能。第二歎益勸修訖。第三時諸下，大眾聞法獲益散華供養。文有三：初菩薩歡喜供養。十四忍，名十四正行；二十八梵天歡喜供養；三無量諸鬼神下，明鬼神供養，略不明餘眾供養。言十八梵者，初禪有三，謂一梵眾、二梵輔、三大梵。二禪有三：一小光、二無量光、三光音。三禪有三：一小淨、二遍淨、三無量淨。第四禪有九：一福生、二福愛、三廣果，此三天凡聖共住；四無想天，唯外道凡夫住；五無煩、六無熱、七善現、八善可見、九色究竟，此五唯那含等聖人住。唯第四禪有色地，故云十八梵，不說無色界。言鬼神現身修行者，以其過去修敬，故令得修行波若，以其毀戒故墮鬼中。答第二問明利他行相竟。

From "this person will surpass" onward is the second [part], explaining and praising the function of the sūtra. The second part, praising its benefit to exhort to cultivation, is concluded. The third, from "at that time, among the assemblies" onward, is the great assembly gaining benefit upon hearing the Dharma and scattering flowers as an offering. The text has three [parts]: first, the bodhisattvas rejoicing and making offerings; the fourteen patiences are named the fourteen correct practices; second, the eighteen Brahmā heavens rejoicing and making offerings; third, from "immeasurable ghosts and spirits" onward, explaining the offerings made by ghosts and spirits, omitting the offerings of the other assemblies. As for the "eighteen Brahmās": the first dhyāna has three, namely, 1. Brahmā-pāriṣadya, 2. Brahmā-purohita, and 3. Mahābrahmā. The second dhyāna has three: 1. Parīttābha, 2. Apramāṇābha, and 3. Ābhāsvara. The third dhyāna has three: 1. Parīttaśubha, 2. Śubhakṛtsna, and 3. Apramāṇaśubha. The fourth dhyāna has nine: 1. Puṇyaprasava, 2. Anabhraka, and 3. Bṛhatphala—ordinary beings and nobles dwell together in these three heavens; 4. Asañjñisattva, in which only non-Buddhist ordinary beings dwell; 5. Avṛha, 6. Atapa, 7. Sudṛśa, 8. Sudarśana, and 9. Akaniṣṭha—only noble ones such as anāgamins dwell in these five. Only the fourth dhyāna has material realms, hence they are called the eighteen Brahmās, not speaking of the formless realm. As for "ghosts and spirits in their present bodies practiced": because of their cultivation of reverence in the past, they were enabled to practice prajñā; because they broke the precepts, they fell among ghosts. The reply to the second question explaining the marks of practice benefiting others is concluded.