仁王般若經疏 1.29

1.29

Speaking of the contemplation of nominal entities: phenomena such as the five aggregates are called nominal entities. The five aggregates forming sentient beings is called the nominal recipient. Taking the names upon the above two nominalities is called nominal designations. Having no substance and relying on others is called "nominal." The contemplation of the unreal and real of nominal entities is understood by mutual comparison: nominal entities are real, while the other two nominalities are unreal; hence it is called the contemplation of the unreal and real of nominal entities. As for the contemplation of the unreal and real of nominal designations: nominal designations are unreal, while nominal entities and nominal recipients are real; hence it is called the contemplation of the unreal and real. The Tripiṭaka master explains it in terms of the three natures: nominal entities are the consummate nature, nominal recipients are the dependent nature, and nominal designations are the imagined nature. Entities are real phenomena, nominally established to contrast with the conventional; reception is the mind of false conceptualization and other-dependence, receiving the objective realm before it; nominal designations are all names and marks, corresponding with the Pañcaviṃśatisāhasrikā. The reason each nominality is called a contemplation of the unreal and real is that grasping turns them into unreal and false objects. As for real contemplation: its meaning is observing and penetrating. If one explains nominality according to correct contemplation, it is not like this. Phenomena produced by causes and conditions are simultaneously empty, nominal, and middle; speaking of "nominal designation," it is a name of quiescent extinction and non-attainment.