仁王經疏 1.12

1.12

Third, the clarification of the basis of the teaching and the sentient beings for whose sake [it was spoken]. This also has two sections: first, clarifying the basis of the teaching; second, the sentient beings for whose sake [it was spoken]. As for the basis: although the sacred teachings are numerous, essentially they consist only of the three piṭakas, the two piṭakas, and the twelve divisions of scriptures. As for the three piṭakas: first, sūtra, here called qijing (harmonizing scriptures), the meaning of which is as explained above; second, vinaya, here called tiaofu (discipline/subduing), because it disciplines the seven kinds of wrongdoing of body and speech, or because disciplining the three karmic activities so that they do not commit evil is also called discipline; third, abhidharma, here called duifa (facing phenomena), because the undefiled noble path faces its objects and fruits, it is called duifa; or it is called mātṛkā, here called benmu (matrix/mother), because it discriminates the characteristics of phenomena and can give birth to wisdom, it is called matrix. As for the two piṭakas: as stated in the Mahāyānasaṃgraha, "Because these three piṭakas differ between the lesser vehicle and the greater vehicle, they form two piṭakas: first, the śrāvaka-piṭaka; second, the bodhisattva-piṭaka." As for the twelve divisions: as stated in the Saṃdhinirmocana, "namely sūtra, geya, vyākaraṇa, gāthā, udāna, nidāna, avadāna, jātaka, itivṛttaka, vaipulya, adbhutadharma, and upadeśa." These will be extensively analyzed when we reach the "Chapter on the Two Truths". As for this single scripture: within the three piṭakas, it is subsumed under the sūtra-piṭaka; within the two piṭakas, it is included in the bodhisattva-piṭaka; among the twelve divisions, it is provisionally subsumed under the first division. A detailed explanation is fully set forth in a separate treatise.