般若波羅蜜多心經幽贊 1.73

1.73

有四他勝處法，一、為名利恭敬，自讚毀他；二、從求財、法，慳悋不與；三、害惱歸謝，不捨怨結；四、謗菩薩藏，樂宣像法，自信隨他。犯此，不堪增長淨意攝大資糧，相似菩薩，非真菩薩。略由二緣捨此淨戒，一、捨無上菩提大願，二、上品纏犯他勝處，下、中纏犯，不捨淨戒。數犯四種，都無慚愧，樂犯為德，名上纏犯，非一暫行即名為捨。若無二緣，雖轉餘生，淨戒不捨，餘生忘失，雖數更受，覺寤戒念，非新受得。

There are four defeats (pārājika-dharma): 1. For the sake of fame, gain, and respect, praising oneself and disparaging others; 2. When approached for wealth or Dharma, being stingy and not giving; 3. When an offender repents after harming or annoying one, not relinquishing resentment; 4. Slandering the Bodhisattva Piṭaka, taking pleasure in expounding facsimile Dharma, believing it oneself and having others follow. Transgressing these, one is incapable of increasing pure intention and gathering the great provisions; one is a counterfeit bodhisattva, not a true bodhisattva. In brief, by two conditions one relinquishes these pure precepts: 1. Relinquishing the great vow of unexcelled bodhi; 2. Transgressing the defeats with upper-grade entanglement. Transgressing with lower- or middle-grade entanglement does not forfeit the pure precepts. Repeatedly transgressing the four kinds without any shame or conscience, taking pleasure in transgressing as a virtue—this is called transgression with upper-grade entanglement; committing it just once temporarily is not termed forfeiture. In the absence of these two conditions, even if one transmigrates into other lives, the pure precepts are not forfeited; although forgotten in other lives, and even if one repeatedly undertakes them again, this is an awakening of mindful awareness of the precepts, not a newly acquired reception.